Textbook Question
A DNA sequence encoding a five-amino acid polypeptide is given below.
...ACGGCAAGATCCCACCCTAATCAGACCGTACCATTCACCTCCT...
...TGCCGTTCTAGGGTGGGATTAGTCTGGCATGGTAAGTGGAGGA...
What is the function of the Shine–Dalgarno sequence?
Ch. 9 - The Molecular Biology of Translation
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Molecular Basis of Heredity, Variation, and Evolution64
- Ch. 2 - Transmission Genetics144
- Ch. 3 - Cell Division and Chromosome Heredity81
- Ch. 4 - Gene Interaction87
- Ch. 5 - Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes103
- Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages73
- Ch. 7 - DNA Structure and Replication71
- Ch. 8 - Molecular Biology of Transcription and RNA Processing79
- Ch. 9 - The Molecular Biology of Translation110
- Ch. 10 - Eukaryotic Chromosome Abnormalities and Molecular Organization100
- Ch. 11 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Homologous Recombination86
- Ch. 12 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophage90
- Ch. 13 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes38
- Ch. 14 - Analysis of Gene Function via Forward Genetics and Reverse Genetics72
- Ch. 15 - Recombinant DNA Technology and Its Applications69
- Ch. 16 - Genomics: Genetics from a Whole-Genome Perspective49
- Ch. 17 - Organelle Inheritance and the Evolution of Organelle Genomes27
- Ch. 18 - Developmental Genetics43
- Ch. 19 - Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits66
- Ch. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular Levels105
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 9, Problem 31b
A portion of the coding strand of DNA for a gene has the sequence
5′-...GGAGAGAATGAATCT...-3′
Assuming the mRNA is in the correct reading frame, write the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide using three-letter abbreviations and, separately, the amino acid sequence using one-letter abbreviations.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the coding strand of DNA provided: 5′-GGAGAGAATGAATCT-3′. Remember, the coding strand is complementary to the template strand and has the same sequence as the mRNA (except thymine is replaced by uracil in RNA).
Transcribe the coding strand into mRNA by replacing thymine (T) with uracil (U). The mRNA sequence will be 5′-GGAGAGAAUGAAUCU-3′.
Divide the mRNA sequence into codons (groups of three nucleotides). For this sequence, the codons are: GGA, GAG, AAU, GAA, UCU.
Use the genetic code table to translate each codon into its corresponding amino acid. For example, GGA codes for Glycine (Gly), GAG codes for Glutamic acid (Glu), and so on. Write the amino acid sequence using three-letter abbreviations.
Convert the three-letter amino acid sequence into one-letter abbreviations. For example, Glycine (Gly) becomes G, Glutamic acid (Glu) becomes E, and so on.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Video duration:
3mWas this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
DNA and RNA Transcription
Transcription is the process by which the genetic information in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). The coding strand of DNA serves as a template for mRNA synthesis, where adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U) instead of thymine (T). Understanding this process is crucial for translating DNA sequences into mRNA, which is the first step in protein synthesis.
Recommended video:
Translation and the Genetic Code
Translation is the process by which the mRNA sequence is decoded to synthesize a polypeptide chain, which will fold into a functional protein. The genetic code consists of codons, which are three-nucleotide sequences in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids. Familiarity with the genetic code is essential for converting mRNA sequences into amino acid sequences using both three-letter and one-letter abbreviations.
Recommended video:
Guided course
11:43
The Genetic Code
Amino Acid Abbreviations
Amino acids can be represented using three-letter and one-letter abbreviations, which are standardized symbols used in biochemistry. For example, alanine is represented as 'Ala' in three-letter form and 'A' in one-letter form. Understanding these abbreviations is important for accurately conveying protein sequences in scientific communication.
Recommended video:
Related Practice
Textbook Question
A portion of the coding strand of DNA for a gene has the sequence
5′-...GGAGAGAATGAATCT...-3′
Write out the template DNA strand sequence and polarity as well as the mRNA sequence and polarity for this gene segment.
Textbook Question
A eukaryotic mRNA has the following sequence. The 5' cap is indicated in italics (CAP), and the 3' poly(A) tail is indicated by italicized adenines.
5′-CAPCCAAGCGUUACAUGUAUGGAGAGAAUGAAACUGAGGCUUGCCACGUUUGUUAAGCACCUAUGCUACCGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-3′
Locate the start codon and stop codon in this sequence.
Textbook Question
A DNA sequence encoding a five-amino acid polypeptide is given below.
...ACGGCAAGATCCCACCCTAATCAGACCGTACCATTCACCTCCT...
...TGCCGTTCTAGGGTGGGATTAGTCTGGCATGGTAAGTGGAGGA...
Assuming the sequence above is a bacterial gene, identify the region encoding the Shine–Dalgarno sequence.
Textbook Question
A eukaryotic mRNA has the following sequence. The 5' cap is indicated in italics (CAP), and the 3' poly(A) tail is indicated by italicized adenines.
5′-CAPCCAAGCGUUACAUGUAUGGAGAGAAUGAAACUGAGGCUUGCCACGUUUGUUAAGCACCUAUGCUACCGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-3′
Determine the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide produced from this mRNA. Write the sequence using the three-letter and one-letter abbreviations for amino acids.
Textbook Question
Diagram a eukaryotic gene containing three exons and two introns, the pre-mRNA and mature mRNA transcript of the gene, and a partial polypeptide that contains the following sequences and features. Carefully align the nucleic acids, and locate each sequence or feature on the appropriate molecule.
a. The AG and GU dinucleotides corresponding to intron-exon junctions
b. The +1 nucleotide
c. The 5' UTR and the 3' UTR
d. The start codon sequence
e. A stop codon sequence
f. A codon sequence for the amino acids Gly-His-Arg at the end of exon 1 and a codon sequence for the amino acids Leu-Trp-Ala at the beginning of exon 2
4
views