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Bacterial Conjugation definitions

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  • Conjugation
    Physical union of two bacterial cells enabling direct exchange of genetic material through a specialized structure.
  • Sex Pilus
    Surface appendage produced by donor bacteria, facilitating attachment and DNA transfer during cell-to-cell contact.
  • Conjugation Bridge
    Temporary passageway formed between two bacteria, allowing movement of DNA from donor to recipient.
  • F Factor
    Circular DNA element granting bacteria the ability to initiate genetic exchange and form donor cells.
  • F+ Cell
    Bacterial cell containing a specific plasmid, capable of donating genetic material during conjugation.
  • F- Cell
    Bacterial cell lacking a particular plasmid, functioning as a recipient during genetic exchange.
  • Plasmid
    Small, circular DNA molecule independent of the main chromosome, often carrying advantageous genes.
  • HFR Cell
    Bacterial cell with a genetic element integrated into its chromosome, enabling high-frequency recombination.
  • Genetic Recombination
    Process resulting in new gene combinations, often through integration of transferred DNA into the chromosome.
  • Interrupted Mating
    Experimental technique halting DNA transfer between bacteria to determine gene order and proximity.
  • Origin
    Specific chromosomal site where DNA transfer initiates during high-frequency recombination events.
  • R Plasmid
    Mobile genetic element conferring antibiotic resistance, capable of spreading between diverse bacterial species.
  • Antibiotic Resistance
    Trait enabling bacteria to survive and proliferate despite the presence of antimicrobial agents.
  • Transposon
    Segment of DNA capable of moving within or between genomes, facilitating gene transfer and variability.
  • Recombinant
    Bacterial cell with a new genetic makeup resulting from the integration of foreign DNA.