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Ch.5 - Introduction to Solutions and Aqueous Solutions
Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 6th Edition
Tro6th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780137832217Not the one you use?Change textbook
All textbooksTro 6th EditionCh.5 - Introduction to Solutions and Aqueous SolutionsProblem 42
Chapter 5, Problem 42

Consider the reaction: Li2S(aq) + Co(NO3)2(aq) → 2 LiNO3(aq) + CoS(s) What volume of 0.150 M Li2S solution is required to completely react with 225 mL of 0.175 M Co(NO3)2?

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Identify the balanced chemical equation: Li_2S(aq) + Co(NO_3)_2(aq) \(\rightarrow\) 2 LiNO_3(aq) + CoS(s).
Determine the stoichiometry of the reaction: 1 mole of Li_2S reacts with 1 mole of Co(NO_3)_2.
Calculate the moles of Co(NO_3)_2 using its concentration and volume: \(\text{moles of Co(NO}\)_3\(\text{)}\)_2 = 0.175 \(\text{ M}\) \(\times\) 0.225 \(\text{ L}\).
Use the stoichiometry of the reaction to find the moles of Li_2S needed: \(\text{moles of Li}\)_2\(\text{S}\) = \(\text{moles of Co(NO}\)_3\(\text{)}\)_2.
Calculate the volume of 0.150 M Li_2S solution required using the moles of Li_2S: \(\text{Volume of Li}\)_2\(\text{S}\) = \(\frac{\text{moles of Li}\)_2\(\text{S}\)}{0.150 \(\text{ M}\)}.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on the balanced equation. It involves using mole ratios derived from the coefficients of the balanced equation to determine how much of one substance is needed to react with another. In this case, understanding the stoichiometric relationship between Li<sub>2</sub>S and Co(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> is essential to find the required volume of Li<sub>2</sub>S solution.
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Molarity

Molarity (M) is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is crucial for determining how much of a substance is present in a given volume of solution. In this problem, the molarity of both Li<sub>2</sub>S and Co(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> solutions is provided, which allows for the calculation of the moles of each reactant involved in the reaction.
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Limiting Reactant

The limiting reactant is the substance that is completely consumed first in a chemical reaction, thus determining the maximum amount of product that can be formed. Identifying the limiting reactant is essential for calculating how much of the other reactants are needed. In this scenario, determining whether Li<sub>2</sub>S or Co(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> is the limiting reactant will influence the volume of Li<sub>2</sub>S solution required for the reaction.
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Related Practice
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