Textbook Question
Classify each hydrocarbon as an alkane, alkene, or alkyne. a. HC≡CH
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Ch.3 - Molecules and Compounds
Tro6th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780137832217
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving118
- Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements106
- Ch.3 - Molecules and Compounds131
- Ch.4 - Chemical Reactions and Chemical Quantities56
- Ch.5 - Introduction to Solutions and Aqueous Solutions82
- Ch.6 - Gases114
- Ch.7 - Thermochemistry96
- Ch.8 - The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom60
- Ch.9 - Periodic Properties of the Elements90
- Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model89
- Ch.11 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes, VSEPR & MO Theory85
- Ch.12 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces51
- Ch.13 - Solids & Modern Materials47
- Ch.14 - Solutions90
- Ch.15 - Chemical Kinetics115
- Ch.16 - Chemical Equilibrium68
- Ch.17 - Acids and Bases136
- Ch.18 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium153
- Ch.19 - Free Energy & Thermodynamics93
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry106
- Ch.21 - Radioactivity & Nuclear Chemistry74
- Ch.22 - Organic Chemistry140
Chapter 3, Problem 111
Classify each hydrocarbon as an alkane, alkene, or alkyne. a. H2C=CH−CH3 b. H3C−CH2−CH3 c. HC≡C−CH3 d. H3C−CH2−CH2−CH3
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the definitions of each hydrocarbon type: an alkane contains only single bonds (C−C), an alkene contains at least one double bond (C=C), and an alkyne contains at least one triple bond (C≡C).
Step 2: Examine the structure of compound (a) H2C=CH−CH3. Identify the presence of a double bond (C=C) between the first two carbon atoms, which classifies it as an alkene.
Step 3: Look at compound (b) H3C−CH2−CH3. Notice that all carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds (C−C), so this compound is an alkane.
Step 4: Analyze compound (c) HC≡C−CH3. The triple bond (C≡C) between the first two carbons indicates this is an alkyne.
Step 5: For compound (d) H3C−CH2−CH2−CH3, observe that all bonds between carbons are single bonds, so this is an alkane.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Hydrocarbon Classification
Hydrocarbons are organic compounds made of carbon and hydrogen atoms. They are classified based on the types of bonds between carbon atoms: alkanes have only single bonds, alkenes contain at least one double bond, and alkynes have at least one triple bond. Recognizing these bonds is key to classification.
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Intro To Hydrocarbons
Alkanes
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with only single bonds between carbon atoms. Their general formula is CnH2n+2. They are typically less reactive and are named with the suffix '-ane'. Examples include methane (CH4) and propane (C3H8).
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Alkenes and Alkynes
Alkenes contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds and have the general formula CnH2n, while alkynes contain one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds with the formula CnH2n-2. These unsaturated hydrocarbons are more reactive and are named with suffixes '-ene' for alkenes and '-yne' for alkynes.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Tartaric acid is the white, powdery substance that coats tart candies such as Sour Patch Kids. Combustion analysis of a 12.01-g sample of tartaric acid—which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen—produces 14.08 g CO2 and 4.32 g H2O. Determine the empirical formula of tartaric acid.
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Textbook Question
The foul odor of rancid butter is due largely to butyric acid, a compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Combustion analysis of a 4.30-g sample of butyric acid produces 8.59 g CO2 and 3.52 g H2O. Determine the empirical formula of butyric acid.