Name each alkene. c.

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Identify the longest carbon chain that contains the double bond. This will be the parent chain and will determine the base name of the alkene.

Number the carbon atoms in the parent chain starting from the end nearest the double bond. This ensures the double bond gets the lowest possible number.

Identify and name any substituents (side groups) attached to the parent chain. Use the appropriate prefixes (e.g., methyl, ethyl) to name these groups.

Combine the names of the substituents with the base name of the alkene. Place the substituents in alphabetical order, and use numbers to indicate their positions on the parent chain.

Indicate the position of the double bond by placing the number of the first carbon of the double bond before the base name of the alkene.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Alkenes

Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). They are unsaturated compounds, meaning they have fewer hydrogen atoms than alkanes, which are saturated. The presence of the double bond gives alkenes unique chemical properties, including reactivity in addition reactions.

Nomenclature of Alkenes

The nomenclature of alkenes follows the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) rules, which involve identifying the longest carbon chain containing the double bond and numbering the chain to give the double bond the lowest possible number. The name typically ends with the suffix '-ene' to indicate the presence of the double bond.

Isomerism in Alkenes

Alkenes can exhibit geometric isomerism due to the restricted rotation around the carbon-carbon double bond. This results in cis and trans isomers, where substituents can be on the same side (cis) or opposite sides (trans) of the double bond. Understanding isomerism is crucial for naming and predicting the properties of alkenes.