Ch.3 - Molecules and Compounds

Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 5th Edition

Tro5th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134874371Not the one you use?Change textbook

Tro 5th Edition

Ch.3 - Molecules and Compounds

Problem 112

Chapter 3, Problem 112

Determine the chemical formula of each compound and then use it to calculate the mass percent composition of each constituent element. c. nitrogen triiodide

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Identify the chemical formula of nitrogen triiodide, which is \( \text{NI}_3 \).

Determine the molar mass of each element in the compound: nitrogen (N) and iodine (I).

Calculate the molar mass of nitrogen triiodide (\( \text{NI}_3 \)) by adding the molar mass of one nitrogen atom and three iodine atoms.

Calculate the mass percent composition of nitrogen by dividing the molar mass of nitrogen by the molar mass of \( \text{NI}_3 \) and multiplying by 100%.

Calculate the mass percent composition of iodine by dividing the total molar mass of iodine (3 atoms) by the molar mass of \( \text{NI}_3 \) and multiplying by 100%.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Chemical Formula

A chemical formula represents the composition of a compound, indicating the types and numbers of atoms present. For nitrogen triiodide, the formula is NI3, which shows one nitrogen atom and three iodine atoms. Understanding how to derive and interpret chemical formulas is essential for analyzing compounds and their properties.

Mass Percent Composition

Mass percent composition is a way to express the relative amounts of each element in a compound as a percentage of the total mass. It is calculated by dividing the mass of each element in one mole of the compound by the molar mass of the compound, then multiplying by 100. This concept is crucial for understanding the distribution of elements within a compound.

Molar Mass

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is calculated by summing the atomic masses of all atoms in the chemical formula. For nitrogen triiodide, knowing the molar mass allows for accurate calculations of mass percent composition and is fundamental in stoichiometry and chemical reactions.

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