Textbook Question
Write the formula for each acid. a. phosphoric acid b. hydrocyanic acid c. chlorous acid
Ch.3 - Molecules, Compounds & Chemical Equations
Tro4th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134112831
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving136
- Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements112
- Ch.3 - Molecules, Compounds & Chemical Equations159
- Ch.4 - Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions140
- Ch.5 - Gases118
- Ch.6 - Thermochemistry106
- Ch.7 - Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom62
- Ch.8 - Periodic Properties of the Elements103
- Ch.9 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model104
- Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory89
- Ch.11 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces73
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Material59
- Ch.13 - Solutions110
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics140
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium78
- Ch.16 - Acids and Bases155
- Ch.17 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium176
- Ch.18 - Free Energy and Thermodynamics108
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry118
- Ch.20 - Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry82
- Ch.21 - Organic Chemistry150
Chapter 3, Problem 55a,b
Refer to the nomenclature flowchart (Figure 3.11) to name each compound. a. SrCl2 b. SnO2
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Identify the elements in the compound: Sn (tin) and O (oxygen).
Determine the type of compound: SnO2 is an ionic compound because it consists of a metal (tin) and a non-metal (oxygen).
Identify the oxidation state of the metal: Tin (Sn) can have multiple oxidation states, so we need to determine which one is used in SnO2.
Calculate the oxidation state of tin: Oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2. Since there are two oxygen atoms, the total oxidation state for oxygen is -4. To balance this, tin must have an oxidation state of +4.
Name the compound: Use the metal name followed by the oxidation state in Roman numerals in parentheses, and then the non-metal with an 'ide' ending. The name is 'Tin(IV) oxide'.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Nomenclature of Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds are named based on the cation and anion they contain. The cation is named first, followed by the anion. For metals that can form more than one charge, such as tin (Sn), the charge must be indicated using Roman numerals in parentheses. In the case of SnO2, tin is the cation and oxide is the anion.
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02:11
Ionic Compounds Naming
Oxide Ions
Oxide ions are negatively charged ions formed when oxygen gains two electrons, resulting in O2-. In ionic compounds, oxide typically pairs with metals to form stable compounds. Understanding the charge of oxide is crucial for correctly naming compounds like SnO2, where the oxide ion's charge influences the overall charge balance.
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01:15Oxidation Numbers in Ions
Determining Oxidation States
The oxidation state of an element in a compound indicates the degree of oxidation or reduction it has undergone. In SnO2, the oxidation state of oxygen is -2. To maintain charge neutrality, the oxidation state of tin must be +4, leading to the name tin(IV) oxide. Recognizing how to calculate oxidation states is essential for proper nomenclature.
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01:09Determining Oxidation Numbers
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Refer to the nomenclature flowchart (Figure 3.11) to name each compound. d. HC2H3O2(aq)
Textbook Question
Name each acid. b. HClO2(aq) c. H2SO4(aq)
Textbook Question
Refer to the nomenclature flowchart (Figure 3.11) to name each compound. a. HNO2(aq)
Textbook Question
Refer to the nomenclature flowchart (Figure 3.11) to name each compound. c. P2S5
Textbook Question
Write the formula for each acid. a. hydrofluoric acid b. hydrobromic acid c. sulfurous acid