Write the formula for each of the following compounds.
(c) Hexacarbonylmolybdenum(0)
(d) Diamminebis(ethylenediamine)chromium(III) chloride

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Identify the central metal atom and its oxidation state for each compound.

For hexacarbonylmolybdenum(0), note that 'hexa' indicates six carbonyl (CO) ligands bonded to molybdenum (Mo) with an oxidation state of 0.

Write the formula for hexacarbonylmolybdenum(0) as \( \text{Mo(CO)}_6 \).

For diamminebis(ethylenediamine)chromium(III) chloride, identify the ligands: 'diammine' means two ammonia (NH3) ligands, and 'bis(ethylenediamine)' means two ethylenediamine (en) ligands, with chromium (Cr) in a +3 oxidation state.

Write the formula for diamminebis(ethylenediamine)chromium(III) chloride as \( [\text{Cr(NH}_3\text{)}_2(\text{en})_2]\text{Cl}_3 \).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Coordination Compounds

Coordination compounds consist of a central metal atom bonded to surrounding molecules or ions called ligands. The nature of these ligands, whether they are neutral or charged, and their arrangement around the metal center significantly influence the properties and reactivity of the compound. Understanding the coordination number and geometry is essential for writing the correct formulas for these compounds.

Oxidation States

The oxidation state of an element in a compound indicates the degree of oxidation or reduction it has undergone. In coordination compounds, the oxidation state of the central metal ion is crucial for determining the overall charge of the complex. For example, in hexacarbonylmolybdenum(0), the '0' indicates that molybdenum is in the zero oxidation state, which affects how it interacts with ligands.

Nomenclature of Coordination Complexes

The nomenclature of coordination complexes follows specific rules set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). This includes naming the ligands first, followed by the metal and its oxidation state in Roman numerals. For example, in diamminebis(ethylenediamine)chromium(III) chloride, 'diammine' and 'bis(ethylenediamine)' indicate the types and numbers of ligands, while '(III)' denotes the oxidation state of chromium.

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Coordination Complexes Example

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Textbook Question

Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, abbreviated tren, is the tetradentate ligand N(CH2CH2NH2)3. Using to represent each of the three NCH2CH2NH2 segments of the ligand, sketch all possible isomers of the octahedral complex [Co(tren)BrCl]+.

Textbook Question

Which of the following complexes are chiral?

(a) Pt(en)Cl₂

(b) cis-[Co(NH₃)₄Br₂]+

(d) [Cr(C₂O₄)₃]^3-

Textbook Question

Write the formula for each of the following compounds.

(a) Tetraammineplatinum(II) chloride

(b) Sodium hexacyanoferrate(III)

Textbook Question

Write the formula for each of the following compounds.

(a) Diamminesilver(I) nitrate