Textbook Question
Consider the following concentration–time data for the reaction of iodide ion and hypochlorite ion (OCl-). The products are chloride ion and hypoiodite ion (OI-).
(a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction.
Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
Chapter 14, Problem 124c
Consider the reaction H2(g) + I2(g) → 2 HI(g). The reaction of a fixed amount of H2 and I2 is studied in a cylinder fitted with a movable piston. Indicate the effect of each of the following changes on the rate of the reaction. (c) The addition of a catalyst
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction: A catalyst provides an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy.
Understand that the activation energy is the minimum energy required for a reaction to occur. Lowering this energy increases the number of effective collisions between reactant molecules.
Recognize that by lowering the activation energy, a catalyst increases the rate of the reaction without being consumed in the process.
Note that the presence of a catalyst does not affect the equilibrium position of the reaction; it only helps the system reach equilibrium faster.
Conclude that the addition of a catalyst will increase the rate of the reaction by providing a more efficient pathway for the reaction to proceed.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Catalysts
A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. It works by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy, allowing more reactant molecules to collide with sufficient energy to react. This means that even at lower temperatures, reactions can proceed more quickly when a catalyst is present.
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Catalyzed vs. Uncatalyzed Reactions
Reaction Rate
The reaction rate refers to the speed at which reactants are converted into products in a chemical reaction. It can be influenced by several factors, including concentration, temperature, and the presence of a catalyst. Understanding how these factors affect the reaction rate is crucial for predicting how changes in conditions will impact the overall progress of a reaction.
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Equilibrium and Dynamic Processes
In a chemical reaction, equilibrium is reached when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, resulting in constant concentrations of reactants and products. The addition of a catalyst does not change the position of equilibrium; it only accelerates the time taken to reach that equilibrium. This concept is essential for understanding how catalysts influence reaction kinetics without altering the final outcome.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Concentration–time data for the conversion of A and B to D are listed in the following table. (c) What is the rate law?
Textbook Question
Consider the reaction H2(g) + I2(g) → 2 HI(g). The reaction of a fixed amount of H2 and I2 is studied in a cylinder fitted with a movable piston. Indicate the effect of each of the following changes on the rate of the reaction. (a) An increase in temperature at constant volume