Textbook Question
Round off the following quantities to the number of signifi-cant figures indicated in parentheses. (a) 7.0001 kg (4)
Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
Chapter 1, Problem 90c
Round off the following quantities to the number of significant figures indicated in parentheses. (c) 4.995⨉103 cm (3)
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the number of significant figures required, which is 3 in this case.
Look at the given number: \(4.995 \times 10^3\) cm.
Focus on the digits in the coefficient (4.995) since the power of ten does not affect significant figures.
Round the coefficient 4.995 to 3 significant figures. To do this, look at the fourth digit (5) to decide whether to round up or down.
Since the fourth digit is 5, round the third digit up, resulting in the rounded number.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Significant Figures
Significant figures are the digits in a number that contribute to its precision. This includes all non-zero digits, any zeros between significant digits, and trailing zeros in the decimal portion. Understanding significant figures is crucial for accurately reporting measurements and calculations in scientific contexts.
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Significant Figures Example
Rounding Rules
Rounding rules dictate how to adjust numbers to the desired level of precision. When rounding, if the digit to the right of the last significant figure is less than 5, the last significant figure remains unchanged. If it is 5 or greater, the last significant figure is increased by one. These rules ensure that the rounded number reflects the appropriate level of accuracy.
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Scientific Notation
Scientific notation is a way of expressing numbers that are too large or too small in a compact form, using powers of ten. A number is written as a product of a coefficient (between 1 and 10) and a power of ten. This notation simplifies calculations and helps maintain significant figures, especially in measurements like 4.995⨉10^3 cm.
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Related Practice
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