Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement

McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145Not the one you use?Change textbook

McMurry 8th Edition

Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement

Problem 77

Chapter 1, Problem 77

More sulfuric acid (density = 1.8302 g/cm3) is produced than any other chemical—approximately 3.6 * 1011 lb/yr world-wide. What is the volume of this amount in liters?

Verified step by step guidance

First, we need to convert the mass of sulfuric acid from pounds to grams. We know that 1 lb is approximately 453.592 grams.

Next, we need to use the density of sulfuric acid to convert the mass to volume. The density of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume, so we can rearrange the formula to solve for volume: volume = mass / density.

Substitute the mass of sulfuric acid (in grams) and the density (in g/cm3) into the formula.

Since the density is given in g/cm3 and we want the volume in liters, we need to convert the volume from cm3 to liters. We know that 1 cm3 is equal to 1 mL, and 1000 mL is equal to 1 L.

Substitute the volume in cm3 into the conversion factor to find the volume in liters.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Density

Density is defined as mass per unit volume, typically expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) or kilograms per liter (kg/L). It is a crucial property of substances that helps in converting between mass and volume. In this question, the density of sulfuric acid is given, which will be used to calculate the volume from the mass provided.

Unit Conversion

Unit conversion is the process of converting a quantity expressed in one set of units to another. In this case, the mass of sulfuric acid is given in pounds (lb), and we need to convert it to grams to use the density for volume calculation. Understanding how to convert between different units of mass and volume is essential for solving the problem accurately.

Volume Calculation

Volume can be calculated using the formula: Volume = Mass / Density. This relationship allows us to determine the volume of a substance when its mass and density are known. In this question, after converting the mass of sulfuric acid to grams, we will apply this formula to find the volume in liters, which is the desired outcome.

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Textbook Question

The density of chloroform, a widely used organic solvent, is 1.4832 g/mL at 20 °C. How many milliliters would you use if you wanted 112.5 g of chloroform?

Textbook Question

Label the following properties as intensive or extensive: den-sity, volume, mass, electrical conductivity.

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Textbook Question

Which has more kinetic energy, a 1400 kg car moving at 115 km/h or a 12,000 kg truck moving at 38 km/h?

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Textbook Question

You would like to determine if a set of antique silverware is pure silver. The mass of a small fork was measured on a balance and found to be 80.56 g. The volume was found by dropping the fork into a graduated cylinder initially contain-ing 10.0 mL of water. The volume after the fork was added was 15.90 mL. Calculate the density of the fork. If the den-sity of pure silver at the same temperature is 10.5 g/cm3, is the fork pure silver?

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Textbook Question

Assume that the kinetic energy of a 1400 kg car moving at 115 km/h (Problem 1.78) is converted entirely into heat. How many calories of heat are released, and what amount of water in liters could be heated from 20.0 °C to 50.0 °C by the car's energy? (One calorie raises the temperature of 1 mL of water by 1 °C)