Textbook Question
Identify each statement as true or false: (b) Li+ is smaller than Li.
Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement146
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions200
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry176
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution155
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry126
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms131
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements126
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding123
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories143
- Ch.10 - Gases147
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces91
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials122
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions126
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics174
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium101
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria139
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria146
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment72
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics129
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry142
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry101
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals68
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry66
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry10
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 7, Problem 29a
Which neutral atom is isoelectronic with each of the following ions? Ga3+, Zr4+, Mn7+, I−, Pb2+.
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Identify the atomic number of each element in the ions: Gallium (Ga), Zirconium (Zr), Manganese (Mn), Iodine (I), and Lead (Pb).
Determine the number of electrons in each ion by considering the charge. For cations (positive charge), subtract the charge from the atomic number; for anions (negative charge), add the charge to the atomic number.
Find the neutral atom that has the same number of electrons as each ion. This can be done by matching the electron count obtained in the previous step to the atomic number of a neutral atom.
Verify that the neutral atom and the ion have the same electron configuration by writing out the electron configuration for both and comparing them.
Confirm that each match is correct by ensuring that the total number of electrons in the neutral atom equals the total number of electrons in the ion, accounting for the ion's charge.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Isoelectronic Species
Isoelectronic species are atoms, ions, or molecules that have the same number of electrons, resulting in identical electron configurations. This concept is crucial for determining which neutral atom corresponds to a given ion, as it allows for the comparison of electron counts despite differences in charge.
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03:03
Amphoteric Species
Electron Configuration
Electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons among the various orbitals of an atom. Understanding how to write and interpret electron configurations is essential for identifying isoelectronic species, as it reveals how many electrons a neutral atom or ion possesses and how they are arranged.
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01:33Electron Configuration Example
Charge and Electron Count
The charge of an ion indicates the number of electrons lost or gained compared to its neutral atom. For example, a +3 charge means the ion has three fewer electrons than its neutral counterpart. This relationship is fundamental when determining which neutral atom is isoelectronic with a given ion, as it directly affects the total electron count.
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01:53Formal Charge
Related Practice
Textbook Question
For each ion, identify the neutral atom that is isoelectronic with it.
a. Cl−
b. Sc3+
c. Fe2+
d. Zn2+
e.Sn4+
Textbook Question
For each set of atoms and ions, pick the smallest one.
a. I, I+, I−
b. Be2+, Ca2+, Mg2+
c. Fe, Fe2+, Fe3+
Textbook Question
Consider the isoelectronic ions F- and Na+. (b) Using Equation 7.1 and assuming that core electrons contribute 1.00 and valence electrons contribute 0.00 to the screening constant, S, calculate Zeff for the 2p electrons in both ions.
Textbook Question
Identify each statement as true or false: (a) Cations are larger than their corresponding neutral atoms.
Textbook Question
Consider the isoelectronic ions F- and Na+. (d) For isoelectronic ions, how are effective nuclear charge and ionic radius related?