Textbook Question
Give the approximate values for the indicated bond angles in the following molecules: (d)
Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement177
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions231
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry216
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution189
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry175
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms168
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements150
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding177
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories200
- Ch.10 - Gases179
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces113
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials154
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions157
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics199
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium128
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria164
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria163
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment105
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics164
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry171
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals82
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry79
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry16
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 9, Problem 30a
Give the approximate values for the indicated bond angles in the following molecules: (a)
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the central atom in the molecule.
Determine the electron domain geometry around the central atom using the VSEPR theory, which considers both bonding and non-bonding electron pairs.
Count the number of bonding pairs and lone pairs around the central atom to predict the molecular geometry.
Use the molecular geometry to estimate the bond angles. For example, tetrahedral geometries have bond angles of about 109.5°, trigonal planar geometries have bond angles of about 120°, and linear geometries have bond angles of about 180°.
Consider any deviations from ideal bond angles due to factors such as lone pairs or double bonds, which can slightly alter the angles.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Bond Angles
Bond angles are the angles formed between two adjacent bonds at a central atom in a molecule. They are crucial for understanding molecular geometry and are influenced by the arrangement of electron pairs around the central atom, which can be predicted using VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory.
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01:53
Bond Angles
VSEPR Theory
VSEPR theory is a model used to predict the geometry of individual molecules based on the repulsion between electron pairs surrounding a central atom. According to this theory, electron pairs will arrange themselves to minimize repulsion, leading to specific bond angles characteristic of different molecular shapes, such as linear, trigonal planar, or tetrahedral.
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Molecular Geometry
Molecular geometry refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule. It is determined by the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs around the central atom, which influences the bond angles. Common geometries include linear (180°), trigonal planar (120°), and tetrahedral (109.5°), each with distinct bond angles.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Ammonia, NH3, reacts with incredibly strong bases to produce the amide ion, NH2-. Ammonia can also react with acids to produce the ammonium ion, NH4+. (a) Which species (amide ion, ammonia, or ammonium ion) has the largest H¬N¬H bond angle? (b) Which species has the smallest H¬N¬H bond angle?
Textbook Question
Give the approximate values for the indicated bond angles in the following molecules: (c)
Textbook Question
The figure that follows contains ball-and-stick drawings of three possible shapes of an AF4 molecule. (c) Which of the following elements will lead to an AF4 molecule with the shape in (iii): Be, C, S, Se, Si, Xe? i.
ii.
iii.
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Textbook Question
Give the approximate values for the indicated bond angles in the following molecules: (a)