BackGeneral Chemistry Core Concepts
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Terms in this set (20)
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains its chemical properties.
The periodic table organizes elements by increasing atomic number and groups with similar properties.
Ionic bonding occurs when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, forming oppositely charged ions.
Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
An element is a pure substance made of only one type of atom.
A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements chemically combine in fixed ratios.
The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, usually in grams per mole (g/mol).
A mole is 6.022 x 10\(23\) particles of a substance.
The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
A chemical formula shows the types and numbers of atoms in a compound.
An ion is an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of electrons.
Electronegativity measures an atom's ability to attract electrons in a bond.
Ionic bonds transfer electrons; covalent bonds share electrons.
A molecule is two or more atoms chemically bonded together.
Groups are columns with elements having similar chemical properties and valence electron counts.
Periods are rows where elements have increasing atomic numbers and properties change progressively.