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Naming Alkanes definitions

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Terms in this set (15)

  • Alkane
    A hydrocarbon compound consisting entirely of single-bonded carbon and hydrogen atoms.
  • Carbon Chain
    A series of carbon atoms bonded together, forming the backbone of an organic molecule.
  • Root Name
    The base name of an alkane determined by the number of carbon atoms in the longest chain.
  • Substituent
    An atom or group of atoms that replaces hydrogen in a hydrocarbon chain.
  • Hexane
    An alkane with a six-carbon chain.
  • Octane
    An alkane with an eight-carbon chain.
  • Methyl
    A substituent group derived from methane, consisting of one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms.
  • Ethyl
    A substituent group derived from ethane, consisting of two carbon atoms bonded to five hydrogen atoms.
  • Butyl
    A substituent group derived from butane, consisting of four carbon atoms.
  • Decane
    An alkane with a ten-carbon chain.
  • Numerical Prefix
    A prefix used to indicate the number of identical substituents in a compound.
  • Alphabetical Order
    The sequence used to arrange substituents in a compound's name based on the alphabet.
  • Dimethyl
    A term indicating the presence of two methyl groups as substituents.
  • Trimethyl
    A term indicating the presence of three methyl groups as substituents.
  • Tetramethyl
    A term indicating the presence of four methyl groups as substituents.