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Le Chatelier's Principle quiz

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Terms in this set (15)

  • What does Le Chatelier's principle state about a system at equilibrium when it is disturbed?
    Le Chatelier's principle states that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed, it will shift in a direction that minimizes the disturbance and reestablishes equilibrium.
  • How does increasing the concentration of reactants affect the direction of a reaction at equilibrium?
    Increasing the concentration of reactants causes the reaction to shift forward, converting excess reactants into products.
  • What happens to the equilibrium position if the concentration of products is decreased?
    If the concentration of products is decreased, the reaction shifts forward to produce more products and restore equilibrium.
  • How does an increase in pressure affect a gaseous equilibrium reaction?
    An increase in pressure causes the equilibrium to shift toward the side with fewer moles of gas.
  • What is the effect of decreasing the volume of a container on a gaseous equilibrium?
    Decreasing the volume increases pressure, causing the reaction to shift toward the side with fewer moles of gas.
  • How does adding an inert gas at constant volume affect the equilibrium position?
    Adding an inert gas at constant volume does not affect the equilibrium position because it does not change the partial pressures of the reacting gases.
  • What happens when an inert gas is added at constant pressure to a reaction mixture?
    At constant pressure, adding an inert gas increases the volume, causing the reaction to shift toward the side with more moles of gas.
  • Do catalysts affect the position of equilibrium in a chemical reaction?
    Catalysts do not affect the position of equilibrium; they only increase the rate at which equilibrium is reached by lowering activation energy.
  • How does increasing temperature affect an exothermic reaction at equilibrium?
    Increasing temperature causes an exothermic reaction to shift toward the reactants, away from the heat.
  • What is the effect of decreasing temperature on an endothermic reaction at equilibrium?
    Decreasing temperature causes an endothermic reaction to shift toward the reactants, or away from the heat.
  • How does the equilibrium constant (K) change with temperature?
    The equilibrium constant (K) is temperature-dependent and changes when the temperature of the system changes.
  • What determines the direction of the equilibrium shift when temperature changes?
    Whether a reaction is endothermic or exothermic determines the direction of the equilibrium shift in response to temperature changes.
  • What is the main difference between thermodynamics and kinetics in chemical reactions?
    Thermodynamics deals with the direction a reaction takes at equilibrium, while kinetics studies the rate or speed of the reaction.
  • If a system at equilibrium is disturbed, what does it do according to Le Chatelier's principle?
    The system shifts to the left or right to minimize the effect of the disturbance and restore equilibrium.
  • Why is it important to consider both kinetics and thermodynamics when studying chemical reactions?
    Considering both gives a complete understanding of how fast a reaction occurs (kinetics) and in which direction it will proceed at equilibrium (thermodynamics).