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Introduction to Organic Chemistry definitions

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Terms in this set (15)

  • Organic Chemistry
    The study of carbon-containing compounds, often involving carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds.
  • Carbon
    A key element in organic compounds, known for forming stable bonds with other nonmetals.
  • Hydrocarbon
    Compounds composed solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
  • Nonmetals
    Elements like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens that bond with carbon in organic compounds.
  • Halogens
    A group of nonmetals including fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine, often found in organic compounds.
  • Phosphorus
    An element that can occasionally be found in organic compounds, though less common than other nonmetals.
  • Hydration
    A process involving water, distinct from the presence of hydrogen in hydrocarbons.
  • Expanded Formula
    A representation showing all bonds between atoms in a molecule, used in organic chemistry.
  • Lewis Dot Structures
    Diagrams showing the bonding between atoms and the lone pairs of electrons in a molecule.
  • Inorganic Acid
    Acids that do not contain carbon, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl).
  • Bond Energy
    The measure of bond strength in a chemical bond, crucial for the stability of organic compounds.
  • Bond Length
    The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms, influencing the stability of organic structures.
  • Reactivity
    The tendency of a substance to engage in chemical reactions, important for understanding organic compounds.
  • Structural Diversity
    The variety of structures carbon can form, including chains, branches, and rings.
  • Gen Chem
    A term referring to general chemistry, which often covers inorganic acids and basic chemical principles.