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Hydrogen Atom definitions

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Terms in this set (15)

  • Hydrogen
    The most abundant element in the universe, with an atomic number of 1 and an atomic mass of 1.
  • Isotopes
    Variants of an element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
  • Deuterium
    A hydrogen isotope with one neutron, giving it an atomic mass of 2.
  • Tritium
    A hydrogen isotope with two neutrons, resulting in an atomic mass of 3.
  • Hydride Ion
    An ion formed when hydrogen gains an electron, carrying a negative charge (H-).
  • Ionic Hydrides
    Compounds formed when hydrogen bonds with metals, typically existing as white crystalline solids.
  • Covalent Hydrides
    Compounds formed when hydrogen bonds with nonmetals, such as in ammonia (NH3).
  • Reducing Agent
    A substance that donates electrons in a chemical reaction, causing another substance to be reduced.
  • Exothermic Reaction
    A chemical reaction that releases heat, often resulting in a negative enthalpy change.
  • Hydronium Ion
    A positively charged ion (H+) formed when hydrogen is in an acidic environment.
  • Periodic Table
    A tabular arrangement of elements ordered by increasing atomic number.
  • Atomic Mass
    The mass of an atom, typically expressed in atomic mass units, reflecting the sum of protons and neutrons.
  • Atomic Number
    The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, determining the element's identity.
  • Enthalpy
    A measure of the total energy of a thermodynamic system, often associated with heat changes in reactions.
  • Fertilizer
    A substance used to enhance the growth of plants, often containing essential nutrients like nitrogen.