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Chemical Equilibrium quiz

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Terms in this set (15)

  • What does it mean when a chemical reaction reaches equilibrium?
    It means the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant because the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate.
  • Do all chemical reactions go to completion, converting all reactants to products?
    No, not all reactions go to completion; some reach equilibrium with some reactant remaining.
  • What do the double arrows in a chemical equation indicate?
    They indicate that the reaction is reversible and can proceed in both forward and reverse directions.
  • What is the significance of the rate constants k1 and k-1 in a reversible reaction?
    k1 represents the rate constant for the forward reaction, while k-1 represents the rate constant for the reverse reaction.
  • How can you tell from a concentration vs. time plot that equilibrium has been reached?
    Equilibrium is reached when the concentrations of reactants and products plateau and remain constant over time.
  • Are reactions still occurring at equilibrium?
    Yes, reactions continue at the molecular level, but the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.
  • What is the equilibrium constant and what symbol is used for it?
    The equilibrium constant is a number that expresses the ratio of products to reactants at equilibrium, and it is symbolized by K.
  • How does temperature affect the equilibrium constant K?
    Increasing temperature increases K, while decreasing temperature decreases K.
  • What does it mean if K is greater than 1?
    If K > 1, products are favored over reactants, meaning the forward reaction is favored.
  • What does it mean if K is less than 1?
    If K < 1, reactants are favored over products, so the reverse reaction is favored.
  • What does it mean if K equals 1?
    If K = 1, the concentrations of products and reactants are equal at equilibrium.
  • Which states of matter are ignored in the equilibrium constant expression?
    Solids and liquids are ignored in the equilibrium constant expression.
  • What is the difference between Kc and Kp?
    Kc is the equilibrium constant for concentrations (molarity), while Kp is for partial pressures (atmospheres).
  • How are Kp and Kc related mathematically?
    Kp = Kc(RT)^(Δn), where R is the gas constant, T is temperature in Kelvin, and Δn is the change in moles of gas.
  • What does Δn represent in the equation relating Kp and Kc?
    Δn is the difference between the moles of gaseous products and the moles of gaseous reactants.