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Alkane Reactions quiz

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Terms in this set (15)

  • What are the two major reactions that alkanes undergo?
    Alkanes primarily undergo combustion and halogenation reactions.
  • What is produced when an alkane undergoes combustion?
    Combustion of an alkane produces carbon dioxide and water.
  • What is halogenation in the context of alkane reactions?
    Halogenation is a substitution reaction where a halogen replaces a hydrogen atom on an alkane.
  • Which halogens are commonly used in alkane halogenation?
    Chlorine and bromine are commonly used; iodine is too slow and fluorine is too reactive.
  • What conditions are required for alkane halogenation?
    Alkane halogenation requires heat or ultraviolet (UV) light, often represented as hv.
  • What is the product of mono-substituted halogenation of an alkane?
    The product is an alkyl halide, where one hydrogen is replaced by a halogen.
  • What is the main intermolecular force in alkanes?
    Alkanes exhibit London dispersion forces, which are nonpolar.
  • Why are alkanes considered to be unreactive?
    Alkanes are unreactive because they are nonpolar and lack pi bonds or electronegative elements.
  • What are the three steps of a radical chain reaction in alkane halogenation?
    The steps are initiation, propagation, and termination.
  • What happens during the initiation step of radical halogenation?
    A stable compound undergoes homolytic cleavage, forming two radicals.
  • What is a radical in chemistry?
    A radical is a species with an unpaired electron, making it highly reactive.
  • What occurs during the propagation step of radical halogenation?
    A radical reacts with an alkane to form a new radical and a new stable compound.
  • What happens in the termination step of a radical chain reaction?
    Two radicals combine to form a new stable compound, ending the chain reaction.
  • What is the symbol 'hv' used to represent in alkane halogenation?
    The symbol 'hv' represents ultraviolet (UV) light.
  • What is the difference between mono- and poly-substituted halogenation?
    Mono-substituted replaces one hydrogen with a halogen, while poly-substituted replaces multiple hydrogens.