Textbook Question
An aqueous solution contains 1.2 mM of total ions. (a) If the solution is NaCl(aq), what is the concentration of chloride ion?
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Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement146
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions200
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry176
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution155
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry126
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms131
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements126
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding123
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories143
- Ch.10 - Gases147
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces91
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials122
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions126
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics174
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium101
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria139
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria146
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment72
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics129
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry142
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry101
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals68
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry66
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry10
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 4, Problem 8
Which of these statements is true?
a. If a compound is oxidized, it is gaining electrons.
b. If a base is neutralized, it is gaining protons.
c. Elements that are metals cannot be oxidized.
d. If hydrogen gas is generated in a reaction, it must be an acid–base reaction.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of oxidation. Oxidation involves the loss of electrons, not the gain. Therefore, statement a is false.
Step 2: Consider the process of neutralization. A base is neutralized when it reacts with an acid, typically resulting in the formation of water and a salt. This involves the base accepting protons (H+ ions), so statement b is true.
Step 3: Evaluate the oxidation of metals. Metals can indeed be oxidized; in fact, they are often oxidized in reactions such as corrosion or when they react with nonmetals. Therefore, statement c is false.
Step 4: Analyze the generation of hydrogen gas. Hydrogen gas can be produced in various types of reactions, including redox reactions and acid-metal reactions, not just acid-base reactions. Therefore, statement d is false.
Step 5: Conclude which statement is true based on the analysis of each option.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Oxidation and Reduction
Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons by a substance, while reduction is the gain of electrons. In redox reactions, one species is oxidized and another is reduced. Understanding this concept is crucial for evaluating statements about electron transfer in chemical reactions.
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Oxidation and Reduction Reactions
Acid-Base Neutralization
Neutralization is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base, resulting in the formation of water and a salt. In this process, the acid donates protons (H+) to the base. Recognizing the roles of acids and bases helps clarify statements regarding proton transfer in reactions.
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Properties of Metals
Metals are typically characterized by their ability to lose electrons and form positive ions. While metals can undergo oxidation, the statement that they cannot be oxidized is incorrect. Understanding the behavior of metals in chemical reactions is essential for evaluating their oxidation states.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
You are presented with a white solid and told that due to careless labeling it is not clear if the substance is barium chloride, lead chloride, or zinc chloride. When you transfer the solid to a beaker and add water, the solid dissolves to give a clear solution. Next an Na2SO41aq2 solution is added and a white precipitate forms. What is the identity of the unknown white solid?
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Textbook Question
Which of the following ions will always be a spectator ion in a precipitation reaction? (a) Cl- (b) NO3- (c) NH4+ (d) S2- (e) SO42-
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Textbook Question
The concept of chemical equilibrium is very important. Which one of the following statements is the most correct way to think about equilibrium? (a) If a system is at equilibrium, nothing is happening. (b) If a system is at equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the back reaction. (c) If a system is at equilibrium, the product concentration is changing over time.
Textbook Question
What kind of reaction is this? N2(g)+3H2(g)⟶2NH3(g)
a. an acid–base reaction
b. a metathesis reaction
c. a redox reaction
d. a precipitation reaction
Textbook Question
An aqueous solution contains 1.2 mM of total ions. (b) If the solution is FeCl3(aq), what is the concentration of chloride ion?
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