Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m

Classification of Matter
18m

Physical & Chemical Changes
19m

Chemical Properties
7m

Physical Properties
5m

Intensive vs. Extensive Properties
13m

Temperature
12m

Scientific Notation
13m

SI Units
7m

Metric Prefixes
24m

Significant Figures
9m

Significant Figures: Precision in Measurements
8m

Significant Figures: In Calculations
14m

Conversion Factors
16m

Dimensional Analysis
17m

Density
12m

Density of Geometric Objects
19m

Density of Non-Geometric Objects
7m

2. Atoms & Elements4h 17m

The Atom
9m

Subatomic Particles
15m

Isotopes
17m

Ions
27m

Atomic Mass
28m

Periodic Table: Classifications
11m

Periodic Table: Group Names
8m

Periodic Table: Representative Elements & Transition Metals
7m

Periodic Table: Element Symbols
6m

Periodic Table: Elemental Forms
6m

Periodic Table: Phases
8m

Periodic Table: Charges
20m

Calculating Molar Mass
10m

Mole Concept
31m

Law of Conservation of Mass
5m

Law of Definite Proportions
10m

Atomic Theory
9m

Law of Multiple Proportions
3m

Millikan Oil Drop Experiment
7m

Rutherford Gold Foil Experiment
10m

3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m

Empirical Formula
18m

Molecular Formula
20m

Combustion Analysis
38m

Combustion Apparatus
15m

Polyatomic Ions
24m

Naming Ionic Compounds
11m

Writing Ionic Compounds
7m

Naming Ionic Hydrates
6m

Naming Acids
18m

Naming Molecular Compounds
6m

Balancing Chemical Equations
13m

Stoichiometry
16m

Limiting Reagent
17m

Percent Yield
19m

Mass Percent
4m

Functional Groups in Chemistry
11m

4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 36m

Laboratory Materials
29m

Experimental Error
12m

Distillation & Floatation
12m

Chromatography
4m

Filtration and Evaporation
4m

Extraction
17m

Test for Ions and Gases
14m

5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m

Multiplication and Division Operations
7m

Addition and Subtraction Operations
6m

Power and Root Functions -
6m

Logarithmic Functions
20m

The Quadratic Formula
7m

6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m

Solutions
6m

Molarity
18m

Osmolarity
15m

Dilutions
15m

Solubility Rules
15m

Electrolytes
18m

Molecular Equations
18m

Gas Evolution Equations
13m

Solution Stoichiometry
14m

Complete Ionic Equations
18m

Calculate Oxidation Numbers
15m

Redox Reactions
17m

Balancing Redox Reactions: Acidic Solutions
17m

Balancing Redox Reactions: Basic Solutions
17m

Activity Series
10m

7. Gases3h 50m

Pressure Units
6m

The Ideal Gas Law
18m

The Ideal Gas Law Derivations
13m

The Ideal Gas Law Applications
6m

Chemistry Gas Laws
13m

Chemistry Gas Laws: Combined Gas Law
12m

Mole Fraction of Gases
6m

Partial Pressure
19m

The Ideal Gas Law: Molar Mass
13m

The Ideal Gas Law: Density
14m

Gas Stoichiometry
18m

Standard Temperature and Pressure
14m

Effusion
14m

Root Mean Square Speed
9m

Kinetic Energy of Gases
10m

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution
8m

Velocity Distributions
4m

Kinetic Molecular Theory
14m

Van der Waals Equation
9m

8. Thermochemistry2h 37m

Nature of Energy
6m

Kinetic & Potential Energy
7m

First Law of Thermodynamics
7m

Internal Energy
8m

Endothermic & Exothermic Reactions
7m

Heat Capacity
19m

Constant-Pressure Calorimetry
24m

Constant-Volume Calorimetry
10m

Thermal Equilibrium
8m

Thermochemical Equations
12m

Formation Equations
9m

Enthalpy of Formation
12m

Hess's Law
23m

9. Quantum Mechanics2h 59m

Wavelength and Frequency
6m

Speed of Light
8m

The Energy of Light
13m

Electromagnetic Spectrum
10m

Photoelectric Effect
19m

De Broglie Wavelength
9m

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
17m

Bohr Model
14m

Emission Spectrum
5m

Bohr Equation
13m

Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
5m

Quantum Numbers: Principal Quantum Number
5m

Quantum Numbers: Angular Momentum Quantum Number
10m

Quantum Numbers: Magnetic Quantum Number
11m

Quantum Numbers: Spin Quantum Number
9m

Quantum Numbers: Number of Electrons
11m

Quantum Numbers: Nodes
6m

10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m

The Electron Configuration
22m

The Electron Configuration: Condensed
4m

The Electron Configurations: Exceptions
13m

The Electron Configuration: Ions
12m

Paramagnetism and Diamagnetism
8m

The Electron Configuration: Quantum Numbers
16m

Valence Electrons of Elements
12m

Periodic Trend: Metallic Character
3m

Periodic Trend: Atomic Radius
8m

Periodic Trend: Ionic Radius
13m

Periodic Trend: Ionization Energy
12m

Periodic Trend: Successive Ionization Energies
11m

Periodic Trend: Electron Affinity
10m

Periodic Trend: Electronegativity
5m

Periodic Trend: Effective Nuclear Charge
21m

Periodic Trend: Cumulative
12m

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m

Lewis Dot Symbols
10m

Chemical Bonds
13m

Dipole Moment
11m

Octet Rule
10m

Formal Charge
9m

Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds
20m

Lewis Dot Structures: Sigma & Pi Bonds
14m

Lewis Dot Structures: Ions
15m

Lewis Dot Structures: Exceptions
14m

Lewis Dot Structures: Acids
15m

Resonance Structures
21m

Average Bond Order
4m

Bond Energy
15m

Coulomb's Law
6m

Lattice Energy
12m

Born Haber Cycle
14m

12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 58m

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory
5m

Equatorial and Axial Positions
10m

Electron Geometry
11m

Molecular Geometry
18m

Bond Angles
14m

Hybridization
12m

Molecular Orbital Theory
13m

MO Theory: Homonuclear Diatomic Molecules
10m

MO Theory: Heteronuclear Diatomic Molecules
7m

MO Theory: Bond Order
14m

13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m

Molecular Polarity
10m

Intermolecular Forces
20m

Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties
11m

Clausius-Clapeyron Equation
18m

Phase Diagrams
13m

Heating and Cooling Curves
27m

Atomic, Ionic, and Molecular Solids
11m

Crystalline Solids
4m

Simple Cubic Unit Cell
7m

Body Centered Cubic Unit Cell
12m

Face Centered Cubic Unit Cell
6m

14. Solutions3h 1m

Solutions: Solubility and Intermolecular Forces
17m

Molality
15m

Parts per Million (ppm)
13m

Mole Fraction of Solutions
8m

Solutions: Mass Percent
12m

Types of Aqueous Solutions
8m

Intro to Henry's Law
4m

Henry's Law Calculations
12m

The Colligative Properties
14m

Boiling Point Elevation
16m

Freezing Point Depression
10m

Osmosis
19m

Osmotic Pressure
10m

Vapor Pressure Lowering (Raoult's Law)
16m

15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m

Intro to Chemical Kinetics
4m

Energy Diagrams
9m

Catalyst
9m

Factors Influencing Rates
10m

Average Rate of Reaction
7m

Stoichiometric Rate Calculations
5m

Instantaneous Rate
5m

Collision Theory
7m

Arrhenius Equation
25m

Rate Law
24m

Reaction Mechanism
17m

Integrated Rate Law
23m

Half-Life
23m

16. OLD Chemical Equilibrium Coming soon

17. OLD Acid and Base Equilibrium Coming soon

18. OLD Aqueous Equilibrium Coming soon

19. OLD Chemical Thermodynamics Coming soon

20. OLD Electrochemistry Coming soon

21. OLD Nuclear Chemistry Coming soon

22. OLD Organic Chemistry - Coming soon

23. OLD Chemistry of the Nonmetals Coming soon

24. OLD Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds Coming soon

16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 30m

Intro to Chemical Equilibrium
7m

Equilibrium Constant K
13m

Equilibrium Constant Calculations
9m

Kp and Kc
22m

Using Hess's Law To Determine K
9m

Calculating K For Overall Reaction
15m

Le Chatelier's Principle
21m

ICE Charts
34m

Reaction Quotient
15m

17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 2m

Acids Introduction
9m

Bases Introduction
7m

Binary Acids
15m

Oxyacids
10m

Bases
14m

Amphoteric Species
5m

Arrhenius Acids and Bases
5m

Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
21m

Lewis Acids and Bases
13m

The pH Scale
16m

Auto-Ionization
9m

Ka and Kb
16m

pH of Strong Acids and Bases
9m

Ionic Salts
17m

pH of Weak Acids
31m

pH of Weak Bases
32m

Diprotic Acids and Bases
8m

Diprotic Acids and Bases Calculations
30m

Triprotic Acids and Bases
9m

Triprotic Acids and Bases Calculations
17m

18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m

Intro to Buffers
20m

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
19m

Intro to Acid-Base Titration Curves
13m

Strong Titrate-Strong Titrant Curves
9m

Weak Titrate-Strong Titrant Curves
15m

Acid-Base Indicators
8m

Titrations: Weak Acid-Strong Base
38m

Titrations: Weak Base-Strong Acid
41m

Titrations: Strong Acid-Strong Base
11m

Titrations: Diprotic & Polyprotic Buffers
32m

Solubility Product Constant: Ksp
17m

Ksp: Common Ion Effect
18m

Precipitation: Ksp vs Q
12m

Selective Precipitation
9m

Complex Ions: Formation Constant
18m

19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m

Spontaneous vs Nonspontaneous Reactions
7m

Entropy
23m

Entropy Calculations
13m

Entropy Calculations: Phase Changes
6m

Third Law of Thermodynamics
7m

Gibbs Free Energy
13m

Gibbs Free Energy Calculations
22m

Gibbs Free Energy And Equilibrium
14m

20. Electrochemistry2h 42m

Standard Reduction Potentials
9m

Intro to Electrochemical Cells
6m

Galvanic Cell
25m

Electrolytic Cell
10m

Cell Potential: Standard
13m

Cell Potential: The Nernst Equation
20m

Cell Potential and Gibbs Free Energy
16m

Cell Potential and Equilibrium
8m

Cell Potential: G and K
16m

Cell Notation
20m

Electroplating
16m

21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 37m

Intro to Radioactivity
10m

Alpha Decay
9m

Beta Decay
7m

Gamma Emission
7m

Electron Capture & Positron Emission
9m

Neutron to Proton Ratio
7m

Band of Stability: Alpha Decay & Nuclear Fission
10m

Band of Stability: Beta Decay
3m

Band of Stability: Electron Capture & Positron Emission
4m

Band of Stability: Overview
14m

Measuring Radioactivity
7m

Rate of Radioactive Decay
12m

Radioactive Half-Life
16m

Mass Defect
19m

Nuclear Binding Energy
14m

22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m

Introduction to Organic Chemistry
8m

Structural Formula
8m

Condensed Formula
10m

Skeletal Formula
6m

Spatial Orientation of Bonds
3m

Intro to Hydrocarbons
16m

Isomers
11m

Chirality
15m

Functional Groups in Chemistry
11m

Naming Alkanes
4m

The Alkyl Groups
9m

Naming Alkanes with Substituents
13m

Naming Cyclic Alkanes
6m

Naming Other Substituents
8m

Naming Alcohols
11m

Naming Alkenes
11m

Naming Alkynes
9m

Naming Ketones
5m

Naming Aldehydes
5m

Naming Carboxylic Acids
4m

Naming Esters
8m

Naming Ethers
5m

Naming Amines
5m

Naming Benzene
7m

Alkane Reactions
7m

Intro to Addition Reactions
4m

Halogenation Reactions
4m

Hydrogenation Reactions
3m

Hydrohalogenation Reactions
7m

Alcohol Reactions: Substitution Reactions
4m

Alcohol Reactions: Dehydration Reactions
9m

Intro to Redox Reactions
8m

Alcohol Reactions: Oxidation Reactions
7m

Aldehydes and Ketones Reactions
6m

Ester Reactions: Esterification
4m

Ester Reactions: Saponification
3m

Carboxylic Acid Reactions
4m

Amine Reactions
3m

Amide Formation
4m

Benzene Reactions
10m

23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m

Main Group Elements: Bonding Types
4m

Main Group Elements: Boiling & Melting Points
7m

Main Group Elements: Density
11m

Main Group Elements: Periodic Trends
7m

The Electron Configuration Review
16m

Periodic Table Charges Review
20m

Hydrogen Isotopes
4m

Hydrogen Compounds
11m

Production of Hydrogen
8m

Group 1A and 2A Reactions
7m

Boron Family Reactions
7m

Boron Family: Borane
7m

Borane Reactions
7m

Nitrogen Family Reactions
12m

Oxides, Peroxides, and Superoxides
12m

Oxide Reactions
4m

Peroxide and Superoxide Reactions
6m

Noble Gas Compounds
3m

24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 19m

Atomic Radius & Density of Transition Metals
11m

Electron Configurations of Transition Metals
7m

Electron Configurations of Transition Metals: Exceptions
11m

Paramagnetism and Diamagnetism
10m

Ligands
10m

Complex Ions
5m

Coordination Complexes
7m

Classification of Ligands
11m

Coordination Numbers & Geometry
9m

Naming Coordination Compounds
22m

Writing Formulas of Coordination Compounds
8m

Isomerism in Coordination Complexes
17m

Orientations of D Orbitals
4m

Intro to Crystal Field Theory
10m

Crystal Field Theory: Octahedral Complexes
5m

Crystal Field Theory: Tetrahedral Complexes
4m

Crystal Field Theory: Square Planar Complexes
4m

Crystal Field Theory Summary
8m

Magnetic Properties of Complex Ions
9m

Strong-Field vs Weak-Field Ligands
6m

Magnetic Properties of Complex Ions: Octahedral Complexes
11m

1. The Chemical World10m

The Scientific Method
10m

18. Aqueous Equilibrium

Titrations: Strong Acid-Strong Base

General Chemistry

18. Aqueous Equilibrium

Titrations: Strong Acid-Strong Base

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Multiple Choice

In a titration of 25.0 mL of 0.100 M HCl with NaOH, what volume of 0.100 M NaOH is required to reach the equivalence point?

100.0 mL

50.0 mL

25.0 mL

12.5 mL

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Verified step by step guidance

Identify the reaction between HCl and NaOH, which is a strong acid-strong base neutralization: \(\mathrm{HCl} + \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl} + \mathrm{H_2O}\).

Calculate the moles of HCl initially present using the formula \(\text{moles} = M \times V\), where \(M\) is molarity and \(V\) is volume in liters. So, \(\text{moles of HCl} = 0.100\,M \times 0.0250\,L\).

At the equivalence point, moles of NaOH added equal moles of HCl initially present, because they react in a 1:1 molar ratio.

Use the moles of NaOH needed and its molarity to find the volume required: \(V_{\mathrm{NaOH}} = \frac{\text{moles of NaOH}}{M_{\mathrm{NaOH}}}\).

Convert the volume of NaOH from liters to milliliters by multiplying by 1000 to get the final answer in mL.

4:43m

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