Textbook Question
A 1:1 mixture of helium (red) and argon (blue) at 300 K isportrayed below on the left. Draw the same mixture whenthe temperature is lowered to 150 K.
Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
Chapter 10, Problem 26c
Assume that you have a sample of gas in a cylinder with a movable piston, as shown in the following drawing:
Redraw the apparatus to show what the sample will look like after (c) the temperature is decreased from 300 K to 200 K and the pressure is decreased from 3 atm to 2 atm.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the initial conditions of the gas sample, which are a temperature of 300 K and a pressure of 3 atm.
Note the final conditions that the gas sample needs to reach, which are a temperature of 200 K and a pressure of 2 atm.
Understand that according to the combined gas law, which is expressed as \(\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}\), where P is pressure, V is volume, and T is temperature, a decrease in both temperature and pressure will affect the volume of the gas.
Since both the temperature and the pressure of the gas are decreasing, the volume of the gas will also decrease. This is because the decrease in temperature tends to decrease the kinetic energy of the gas molecules, leading to a decrease in volume, and the decrease in pressure allows the gas to occupy less space.
Redraw the apparatus showing the piston at a lower position than initially, indicating a decrease in the volume of the gas. The space above the piston in the cylinder should be smaller, reflecting the combined effect of reduced temperature and pressure.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Video duration:
4mWas this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Ideal Gas Law
The Ideal Gas Law relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas through the equation PV = nRT. This law helps predict how a gas will behave under changing conditions, making it essential for understanding the effects of temperature and pressure on gas samples.
Recommended video:
Guided course
01:15
Ideal Gas Law Formula
Charles's Law
Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure is held constant. This concept is crucial for predicting how the volume of the gas in the cylinder will change as the temperature decreases from 300 K to 200 K.
Recommended video:
Guided course
02:06Charles's Law
Boyle's Law
Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume when temperature is held constant. This principle is important for understanding how the pressure change from 3 atm to 2 atm will affect the volume of the gas in the cylinder, especially when combined with the temperature change.
Recommended video:
Guided course
03:13Boyle's Law
Related Practice
Textbook Question
A glass tube has one end in a dish of mercury and the otherend closed by a stopcock. The distance from the surface ofthe mercury to the bottom of the stopcock is 850 mm. Theapparatus is at 25 °C, and the mercury level in the tube isthe same as that in the dish.(a) Show on drawing (1) what the approximate level ofmercury in the tube will be when the temperature of theentire apparatus is lowered from +25 °C to -25 °C.
Textbook Question
Show the approximate level of the movable piston in drawings (a), (b), and (c) after the indicated changes have been made to the gas.
1
views
Textbook Question
Assume that you have a sample of gas in a cylinder with a movable piston, as shown in the following drawing:
Redraw the apparatus to show what the sample will look like after (b) the pressure is increased from 1 atm to 2 atm at constant temperature
2
views
Textbook Question
Assume that you have a sample of gas in a cylinder with a movable piston, as shown in the following drawing:
Redraw the apparatus to show what the sample will look like after (a) the temperature is increased from 300 K to 450 K at constant pressure
1
views
Textbook Question
Yet another common measure of pressure is the unit pounds per square inch (psi). How many pounds per square inch correspond to 1.00 atm? To 1.00 mm Hg?