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Cancer Treatment definitions

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  • Surgery
    Physical removal of a tumor mass from the body, aiming to eliminate cancerous tissue directly.
  • Radiation
    Use of high-energy waves to damage DNA within cancer cells, leading to their death.
  • Chemotherapy
    Administration of drugs that damage DNA or disrupt cell division to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells.
  • Immunotherapy
    Treatment approach harnessing components of the immune system to target and destroy cancer cells.
  • Passive Immunotherapy
    Introduction of externally produced antibodies to target and kill tumor cells directly.
  • Active Immunotherapy
    Stimulation of a patient's own immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
  • Anti-angiogenic Therapy
    Strategy focused on destroying blood vessels that supply nutrients and oxygen to tumors.
  • Molecular Targeting
    Use of drugs designed to specifically interact with cancer-causing genes or mutations.
  • Personalized Medicine
    Tailoring of treatments based on the unique genetic mutations present in an individual's tumor.
  • Multi-drug Resistance
    Cancer cell trait allowing insensitivity to multiple treatments, even those not previously encountered.
  • MDR1 Gene
    Genetic sequence encoding a transporter protein that exports anticancer drugs out of cells.
  • ABC Transporter
    Membrane protein responsible for moving substances, including drugs, across cellular membranes.
  • Tumor Antibodies
    Proteins designed to specifically bind to and mark cancer cells for destruction by the immune system.