Textbook Question
9–30. The Ratio and Root Tests Use the Ratio Test or the Root Test to determine whether the following series converge absolutely or diverge.
∑ (from k = 1 to ∞) ((-7)ᵏ / k²)
Ch. 10 - Sequences and Infinite Series
Briggs3rd EditionCalculus: Early TranscendentalsISBN: 9780136847243
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Functions210
- Ch. 2 - Limits371
- Ch. 3 - Derivatives633
- Ch. 4 - Applications of the Derivative412
- Ch. 5 - Integration328
- Ch. 6 - Applications of Integration331
- Ch. 7 - Logarithmic, Exponential Functions, and Hyperbolic Functions177
- Ch. 8 - Integration Techniques394
- Ch. 9 - Differential Equations179
- Ch. 10 - Sequences and Infinite Series339
- Ch. 11 - Power Series218
- Ch.12 - Parametric and Polar Curves215
Briggs3rd EditionCalculus: Early TranscendentalsISBN: 9780136847243Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 10, Problem 10.3.51
46–53. Decimal expansions
Write each repeating decimal first as a geometric series and then as a fraction (a ratio of two integers).
51.0.456̅ = 0.456456456…
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the repeating decimal part. Here, the repeating block is "456", which repeats every 3 digits after the decimal point.
Express the decimal as a sum of its non-repeating part plus the repeating part as a geometric series. Since the decimal is 0.456456456..., it can be written as 0.456 + 0.000456 + 0.000000456 + ...
Rewrite the repeating part as a geometric series: \( 0.456 + 0.456 \times 10^{-3} + 0.456 \times 10^{-6} + \cdots \). This is a geometric series with first term \( a = 0.456 \) and common ratio \( r = 10^{-3} \).
Use the formula for the sum of an infinite geometric series \( S = \frac{a}{1 - r} \) to find the sum of the repeating part: \( S = \frac{0.456}{1 - 10^{-3}} \).
Convert the decimal 0.456 to a fraction (\( \frac{456}{1000} \)) and simplify the expression \( \frac{0.456}{1 - 10^{-3}} \) to get the fraction form of the repeating decimal.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Repeating Decimals
A repeating decimal is a decimal number in which a sequence of digits repeats infinitely. For example, 0.456̅ means the digits '456' repeat endlessly. Understanding this pattern is essential to express the decimal as a series or fraction.
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Geometric Series
A geometric series is a sum of terms where each term is found by multiplying the previous term by a constant ratio. Repeating decimals can be represented as geometric series by expressing the repeating block as terms with decreasing powers of 1/10.
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Conversion of Geometric Series to Fraction
The sum of an infinite geometric series with first term 'a' and common ratio 'r' (|r|<1) is a/(1-r). This formula allows converting the geometric series representation of a repeating decimal into a fraction, expressing it as a ratio of two integers.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
21–42. Geometric series Evaluate each geometric series or state that it diverges.
23.∑ (k = 0 to ∞) (–9/10)ᵏ
Textbook Question
11–86. Applying convergence tests Determine whether the following series converge. Justify your answers.
∑ (from k = 1 to ∞)(1 + 1 / (2k))ᵏ
Textbook Question
55–70. More sequences
Find the limit of the following sequences or determine that the sequence diverges.
{cosn / n}
1
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Textbook Question
11–86. Applying convergence tests Determine whether the following series converge. Justify your answers.
∑ (from k = 1 to ∞)sin(1 / k⁹)
Textbook Question
11–86. Applying convergence tests Determine whether the following series converge. Justify your answers.
∑ (from k = 1 to ∞)tan⁻¹(1 / √k)