Textbook Question
If one species (2n = 10) crosses with another species (2n = 18), producing an allopolyploid offspring, what is the ploidy of the offspring?
a. 2n = 10
b. 2n = 18
c. 2n = 10+18 = 28
d. 4n = 36 +20 = 56
Ch. 24 - Speciation
Freeman8th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9780138276263
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Biology: The Study of Life13
- Ch. 2 - Water and Carbon: The Chemical Basis of Life14
- Ch.3 - Protein Structure and Function10
- Ch.4 - Nucleic Acids and the RNA World10
- Ch. 5 - An Introduction to Carbohydrates10
- Ch. 6 - Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells11
- Ch. 7 - Inside the Cell10
- Ch. 8 - Energy and Enzymes: An Introduction to Metabolism10
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation11
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis12
- Ch. 11 - Cell-Cell Interactions12
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle8
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis12
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene23
- Ch. 15 - DNA and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair15
- Ch. 16 - How Genes Work16
- Ch. 17 - Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation16
- Ch. 18 - Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria16
- Ch. 19 - Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes12
- Ch. 20 - The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology, Genomics, and New Frontiers15
- Ch. 21 - Genes, Development, and Evolution12
- Ch. 22 - Evolution by Natural Selection16
- Ch. 23 - Evolutionary Processes13
- Ch. 24 - Speciation15
- Ch. 25 - Phylogenies and the History of Life13
- Ch. 26 - Bacteria and Archaea15
- Ch. 27 - Diversification of Eukaryotes16
- Ch. 28 - Green Algae and Land Plants16
- Ch. 29 - Fungi18
- Ch. 30 - An Introduction to Animals9
- Ch. 31 - Protostome Animals15
- Ch. 32 - Deuterostome Animals17
- Ch. 33 - Viruses16
- Ch. 34 - Plant Form and Function16
- Ch. 35 - Water and Sugar Transport in Plants16
- Ch. 36 - Plant Nutrition13
- Ch. 37 - Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses16
- Ch. 38 - Flowering Plant Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 39 - Animal Form and Function17
- Ch. 40 - Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals16
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition16
- Ch. 42 - Gas Exchange and Circulation16
- Ch. 43 - Animal Nervous Systems16
- Ch. 44 - Animal Sensory Systems16
- Ch. 45 - Animal Movement11
- Ch. 46 - Chemical Signals in Animals16
- Ch. 47 - Animal Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 48 - The Immune System in Animals16
- Ch. 49 - An Introduction to Ecology15
- Ch. 50 - Behavioral Ecology16
- Ch. 51 - Population Ecology16
- Ch. 52 - Community Ecology20
- Ch. 53 - Ecosystems and Global Ecology17
- Ch. 54 - Biodiversity and Conservation Ecology18
Chapter 24, Problem 5
When the ranges of two different species meet, a stable 'hybrid zone' occupied by hybrid individuals may form. How is this possible?
a. Two diverged populations are capable of mating and producing viable and fertile offspring.
b. Hybrid individuals are always allopolyploid and are thus unable to mate with either of the original species.
c. Hybrid individuals may have reduced fitness and thus be strongly selected against.
d. One species has a selective advantage, so as hybridization continues, the other species will go extinct.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of a hybrid zone: A hybrid zone is a region where two different species meet and interbreed, producing hybrid offspring. This occurs when the ranges of the two species overlap.
Consider option a: Two diverged populations are capable of mating and producing viable and fertile offspring. This suggests that the hybrid individuals are able to survive and reproduce, maintaining the hybrid zone.
Evaluate option b: Hybrid individuals are always allopolyploid and are thus unable to mate with either of the original species. Allopolyploidy refers to having multiple sets of chromosomes from different species, which can affect the ability to reproduce with parent species.
Analyze option c: Hybrid individuals may have reduced fitness and thus be strongly selected against. Reduced fitness means hybrids might not survive or reproduce as well as purebred individuals, potentially limiting the hybrid zone.
Consider option d: One species has a selective advantage, so as hybridization continues, the other species will go extinct. This implies that hybridization could lead to the dominance of one species over the other, affecting the stability of the hybrid zone.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Hybrid Zone
A hybrid zone is a geographic area where two distinct species meet and interbreed, producing hybrid offspring. These zones are often stable and can persist over time if the hybrids have some level of fitness that allows them to survive and reproduce. The stability of a hybrid zone depends on various factors, including the relative fitness of the hybrids compared to the parent species.
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Hybrid Zones
Hybrid Fitness
Hybrid fitness refers to the ability of hybrid individuals to survive and reproduce in their environment. In a hybrid zone, hybrids may have reduced fitness compared to their parent species, which can lead to strong selection against them. However, if hybrids possess certain advantageous traits, they may thrive, contributing to the stability of the hybrid zone.
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Allopolyploidy
Allopolyploidy is a condition in which an organism contains two or more sets of chromosomes derived from different species. This can occur in hybrids, making them unable to mate with either parent species due to differences in chromosome number. While allopolyploid hybrids are often sterile, they can sometimes undergo genetic changes that restore fertility, allowing them to establish as a new species.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
True or false? Speciation is a slow process. Justify your answer.
Textbook Question
Which of the following describes vicariance?
a. Small populations coalesce into one large population.
b. A population is fragmented into isolated subpopulations.
c. Individuals colonize a novel habitat.
d. Individuals disperse and found a new population.
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Textbook Question
Evaluate this statement: Gene flow increases the genetic divergence of populations.
Textbook Question
Select True or False to indicate which of the following groups could be identified using the biological species concept.
T/F lizard species living today
T/F sunflower species living today
T/F extinct dinosaurs
T/F bacteria living today
Textbook Question
Sexual selection favors individuals with traits that increase their ability to obtain mates, such as mating calls in crickets. Using this example, propose a scenario where sexual selection could contribute to divergence in sympatric speciation.