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Practice: Amino Acid Oxidation 1 quiz

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  • Which enzymes are used as indicators of liver damage in serum tests?
    Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase are used as indicators of liver damage.
  • What does an increase in serum creatine kinase indicate?
    An increase in serum creatine kinase indicates heart damage.
  • Where does urea synthesis primarily occur in mammals?
    Urea synthesis primarily occurs in the liver.
  • Which cellular compartments are involved in the urea cycle reactions?
    Urea cycle reactions occur in both the mitochondria and cytosol of liver cells.
  • What amino acid do muscles send to the liver for nitrogen processing?
    Muscles send glutamine to the liver for nitrogen processing.
  • Which amino acid do muscles send to the liver for gluconeogenesis?
    Muscles send alanine to the liver, which provides pyruvate for gluconeogenesis.
  • What is the main function of tetrahydrofolate and its derivatives?
    Tetrahydrofolate and its derivatives shuttle 1 carbon units between different substrates.
  • Name two cofactors involved in 1 carbon unit transfer besides tetrahydrofolate.
    Biotin and S-adenosyl methionine are cofactors involved in 1 carbon unit transfer.
  • What is the fate of most amino acid degradation pathways?
    Most amino acid degradation pathways lead to citric acid cycle intermediates.
  • Why are serum transaminase enzymes easy to measure in clinical tests?
    Serum transaminase enzymes are easy to measure because their levels increase significantly during liver damage.
  • What role does alanine play when transported from muscle to liver?
    Alanine provides the liver with pyruvate for gluconeogenesis.
  • Which tissue is primarily responsible for urea synthesis?
    The liver is primarily responsible for urea synthesis.
  • What is the significance of glutamine transport from muscle to liver?
    Glutamine transport allows the liver to process nitrogen through the urea cycle.
  • What happens to the levels of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase during liver damage?
    The levels of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase greatly increase during liver damage.
  • Which cycle do most amino acid degradation products enter?
    Most amino acid degradation products enter the citric acid cycle as intermediates.