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Amino Acid Hydrolysis definitions

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  • Peptide Bond
    A linkage connecting amino acid residues in proteins, broken during hydrolysis to release individual amino acids.
  • Dipeptide
    A molecule composed of two amino acid residues joined by a single peptide bond.
  • Acid Catalyst
    A substance, such as H+, used to accelerate the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins.
  • 6 Molar Hydrochloric Acid
    A strong acid solution used to achieve complete hydrolysis of proteins, breaking all peptide bonds.
  • Amino Acid Residue
    A component of a protein, released as a free molecule after peptide bond cleavage.
  • Ninhydrin
    A chemical reagent that reacts with free amino acids to produce a bluish-purple color for quantification.
  • Spectrophotometer
    An instrument used to measure light absorbance, enabling quantification of amino acids after ninhydrin reaction.
  • Mass Spectrometry
    An analytical technique used to determine the amino acid composition of hydrolyzed proteins.
  • High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
    A method for separating and analyzing amino acids released from protein hydrolysis.
  • Amino Group
    A functional group found at the N-terminal end of proteins, present in free amino acids after hydrolysis.
  • Carboxyl Group
    A functional group located at the C-terminal end of proteins, also found in free amino acids post-hydrolysis.
  • Protein Composition
    The types and quantities of amino acids present in a protein, revealed after complete hydrolysis.
  • Sequence
    The specific order of amino acid residues in a protein, lost after hydrolysis with strong acid.
  • Aqueous Solution
    A water-based environment where proteins are typically hydrolyzed, facilitating peptide bond cleavage.