Textbook Question
What are the functional relationships between the skeleton, on the one hand, and the digestive and urinary systems, on the other?
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Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Structure
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew12th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy and PhysiologyISBN: 9780137854011
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology25
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Level of Organization34
- Ch. 3 The Cellular Level of Organization29
- Ch. 4 The Tissue Level of Organization24
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System17
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Structure33
- Ch. 7 The Axial Skeleton11
- Ch. 8 The Appendicular Skeleton17
- Ch. 9 Joints13
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue12
- Ch. 11 The Muscular System28
- Ch. 12 Nervous Tissue18
- Ch. 13 The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes22
- Ch. 14 The Brain and Cranial Nerves20
- Ch. 15 Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System17
- Ch. 16 The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions30
- Ch. 17 The Special Senses15
- Ch. 18 The Endocrine System21
- Ch. 19 Blood31
- Ch. 20 The Heart31
- Ch. 21 Blood Vessels and Circulation26
- Ch. 22 The Lymphatic System and Immunity25
- Ch. 23 The Respiratory System4
- Ch. 24 The Digestive System18
- Ch. 26 The Urinary System31
- Ch. 27 Fluids & Electrolytes30
- Ch. 28 The Reproductive System12
- Ch. 29 Development and Inheritance17
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew12th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy and PhysiologyISBN: 9780137854011Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 6, Problem 19
If spongy bone has no osteons, how do nutrients reach the osteocytes?
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that osteons are the structural units in compact bone that contain central canals for blood vessels, which deliver nutrients to osteocytes.
Recognize that spongy bone lacks osteons but contains trabeculae, which are porous, lattice-like structures.
Identify that within the trabeculae, osteocytes reside in lacunae and receive nutrients through canaliculi, small channels connecting the lacunae.
Note that nutrients reach the osteocytes in spongy bone by diffusion from blood vessels located in the bone marrow spaces surrounding the trabeculae.
Summarize that instead of central canals, spongy bone relies on the proximity of blood vessels in marrow and the canaliculi network to supply nutrients to osteocytes.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Structure of Spongy Bone
Spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, is composed of a porous network of trabeculae rather than dense osteons. This open lattice structure allows for spaces filled with bone marrow and blood vessels, facilitating nutrient exchange differently from compact bone.
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Compact and Spongy Bone
Osteocytes and Their Nutrient Supply
Osteocytes are mature bone cells embedded within the bone matrix in small cavities called lacunae. They rely on diffusion of nutrients and waste through tiny channels called canaliculi, which connect lacunae to each other and to blood vessels.
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Role of Canaliculi and Blood Vessels in Spongy Bone
In spongy bone, nutrients reach osteocytes via blood vessels located in the marrow spaces. These vessels supply nutrients that diffuse through the canaliculi within the trabeculae, ensuring osteocytes receive necessary sustenance despite the absence of osteons.
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