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Ch. 2 The Chemical Level of Organization
Martini - Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology 12th Edition
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew12th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy and PhysiologyISBN: 9780137854011Not the one you use?Change textbook
All textbooksMartini, Nath, Bartholomew 12th EditionCh. 2 The Chemical Level of OrganizationProblem 8
Chapter 2, Problem 8

All the chemical reactions that occur in the human body are collectively referred to as
(a) Anabolism
(b) Catabolism
(c) Metabolism
(d) Homeostasis

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1
Understand the definitions of the terms given in the options: Anabolism refers to the building up of complex molecules from simpler ones, which requires energy.
Catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy in the process.
Metabolism is the collective term that includes all chemical reactions in the body, encompassing both anabolism and catabolism.
Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment, not directly related to chemical reactions.
Therefore, identify the term that broadly covers all chemical reactions, which is metabolism.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Metabolism

Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions in the body that maintain life, including both building up and breaking down molecules. It is the sum of anabolic and catabolic processes that provide energy and synthesize necessary compounds.
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Introduction to Metabolism

Anabolism

Anabolism refers to the set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units, requiring energy input. It is responsible for growth, repair, and the synthesis of complex molecules like proteins and nucleic acids.
Recommended video:
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Catabolic & Anabolic Pathways

Catabolism

Catabolism involves breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy stored in chemical bonds. This energy is then used to fuel various cellular activities and anabolic reactions.
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Catabolic & Anabolic Pathways
Related Practice
Textbook Question

A substance containing atoms of different elements that are bonded together is called a(n)

(a) Molecule

(b) Compound

(c) Mixture

(d) Isotope

(e) Solution

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Textbook Question

All organic compounds in the human body contain all of the following elements except

(a) Hydrogen

(b) Oxygen

(c) Carbon

(d) Calcium

(e) Both a and d

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Textbook Question

The speed, or rate, of a chemical reaction is influenced by

(a) The presence of catalysts

(b) The temperature

(c) The concentration of the reactants

(d) a, b, and c are all correct

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Textbook Question

Which of the following chemical equations illustrates a typical decomposition reaction?

a. A + B → AB

b. AB + CD → AD + CB

c. 2A₂+ B₂ → 2A₂B

d. AB → A + B

Textbook Question

The number and arrangement of electrons in an atom's outer energy level (valence shell) determine the atom's

(a) Atomic weight

(b) Atomic number

(c) Molecular weight

(d) Chemical properties

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Textbook Question

A pH of 7.8 in the human body typifies a condition referred to as

(a) Acidosis

(b) Alkalosis

(c) Dehydration

(d) Homeostasis

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