Textbook Question
What are the four opposing effects of natriuretic peptides and angiotensin II?
Ch. 18 The Endocrine System
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew12th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy and PhysiologyISBN: 9780137854011
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology25
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Level of Organization34
- Ch. 3 The Cellular Level of Organization29
- Ch. 4 The Tissue Level of Organization24
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System17
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Structure33
- Ch. 7 The Axial Skeleton11
- Ch. 8 The Appendicular Skeleton17
- Ch. 9 Joints13
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue12
- Ch. 11 The Muscular System28
- Ch. 12 Nervous Tissue18
- Ch. 13 The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes22
- Ch. 14 The Brain and Cranial Nerves20
- Ch. 15 Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System17
- Ch. 16 The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions30
- Ch. 17 The Special Senses15
- Ch. 18 The Endocrine System21
- Ch. 19 Blood31
- Ch. 20 The Heart31
- Ch. 21 Blood Vessels and Circulation26
- Ch. 22 The Lymphatic System and Immunity25
- Ch. 23 The Respiratory System4
- Ch. 24 The Digestive System18
- Ch. 26 The Urinary System31
- Ch. 27 Fluids & Electrolytes30
- Ch. 28 The Reproductive System12
- Ch. 29 Development and Inheritance17
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew12th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy and PhysiologyISBN: 9780137854011Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 18, Problem 18
What is the primary difference in the way the nervous and endocrine systems communicate with their target cells?
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand that both the nervous and endocrine systems are responsible for communication within the body, but they use different methods to send signals to target cells.
Step 2: Recognize that the nervous system communicates through electrical impulses and chemical neurotransmitters that travel across synapses to specific target cells, allowing for rapid and precise responses.
Step 3: Understand that the endocrine system communicates by releasing hormones into the bloodstream, which then travel to target cells throughout the body, resulting in slower but longer-lasting effects.
Step 4: Compare the speed and specificity of communication: the nervous system provides fast, short-term, and localized communication, whereas the endocrine system provides slower, long-term, and widespread communication.
Step 5: Summarize that the primary difference lies in the mode of communication—nervous system uses electrical and chemical signals directly to target cells, while the endocrine system uses hormones transported through the blood to reach target cells.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Nervous System Communication
The nervous system communicates through electrical impulses and chemical signals called neurotransmitters. These signals travel rapidly along neurons to specific target cells, enabling quick and precise responses, such as muscle contraction or sensory perception.
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Map of the Lesson on Cell Communication
Endocrine System Communication
The endocrine system uses hormones released into the bloodstream to communicate with target cells. This method is slower than nervous signaling but allows for widespread and longer-lasting effects, regulating processes like growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
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Guided course
7:06Components of the Endocrine System
Target Specificity and Speed
Nervous system signals are fast and target specific, affecting particular cells almost instantly. In contrast, endocrine signals are slower, traveling through the blood to reach multiple target cells throughout the body, resulting in more prolonged but less precise effects.
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2:50Receptors at Target Organs
Related Practice
Textbook Question
What four cell populations make up the endocrine pancreas? Which hormone does each type of cell produce?
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Textbook Question
Which two hormones are released by the kidneys, and what is the importance of each hormone?
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Textbook Question
In what ways can a hormone modify the activities of its target cells?
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Textbook Question
A researcher observes that stimulation by a particular hormone induces a marked increase in the activity of G proteins in the target plasma membrane. The hormone being studied is probably:
(a) A steroid
(b) A peptide
(c) Testosterone
(d) Estrogen
(e) Aldosterone
Textbook Question
How would blocking the activity of phosphodiesterase (PDE) affect a cell that responds to hormonal stimulation by the cAMP second messenger system?
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