Textbook Question
What four cell populations make up the endocrine pancreas? Which hormone does each type of cell produce?
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Ch. 17 The Special Senses
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew11th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874089
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Level of Organization34
- Ch. 3 The Cellular Level of Organization30
- Ch. 4 The Tissue Level of Organization24
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System17
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Structure36
- Ch. 7 The Axial Skeleton11
- Ch. 8 The Appendicular Skeleton17
- Ch. 9 Joints13
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue12
- Ch. 11 The Muscular System28
- Ch. 12 Nervous Tissue18
- Ch. 13 The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes22
- Ch. 14 The Brain and Cranial Nerves20
- Ch. 15 Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System17
- Ch. 16 The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions30
- Ch. 17 The Special Senses16
- Ch. 18 The Endocrine System20
- Ch. 19 Blood31
- Ch. 20 The Heart31
- Ch. 21 Blood Vessels and Circulation29
- Ch. 22 The Lymphatic System and Immunity31
- Ch. 23 The Respiratory System12
- Ch. 24 The Digestive System18
- Ch. 26 The Urinary System31
- Ch. 27 Fluids & Electrolytes32
- Ch. 28 The Reproductive System12
- Ch. 29 Development and Inheritance23
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew11th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874089Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 17, Problem 22
Damage to the ampullary cupula of the lateral semicircular duct would interfere with the perception of
(a) The direction of gravitational pull
(b) Linear acceleration
(c) Horizontal rotation of the head
(d) Vertical rotation of the head
(e) Angular rotation of the head
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the anatomy and function of the ampullary cupula: It is a gelatinous structure located within the ampulla of each semicircular canal in the inner ear, specifically involved in detecting rotational movements of the head.
Recall that the lateral semicircular duct (or canal) is oriented roughly horizontally and is primarily responsible for detecting horizontal (side-to-side) rotations of the head.
Recognize that the ampullary cupula bends in response to the movement of endolymph fluid within the semicircular canals during angular (rotational) acceleration, which stimulates hair cells to send signals about head rotation.
Differentiate between types of motion: gravitational pull and linear acceleration are detected by the otolith organs (utricle and saccule), not the semicircular canals; vertical rotation involves other canals (anterior and posterior).
Conclude that damage to the ampullary cupula of the lateral semicircular duct would specifically interfere with the perception of horizontal angular rotation of the head.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Ampullary Cupula and Semicircular Canals
The ampullary cupula is a gelatinous structure located within the ampulla of each semicircular canal in the inner ear. It bends in response to fluid movement caused by head rotation, stimulating hair cells that send signals about angular motion to the brain.
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5:05
Special Senses
Function of the Lateral Semicircular Duct
The lateral semicircular duct specifically detects horizontal or yaw rotation of the head. When the head turns side to side, the fluid movement in this duct deflects the cupula, allowing the brain to perceive horizontal angular acceleration.
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5:16Duct System
Types of Motion Perceived by the Vestibular System
The vestibular system senses different motions: gravitational pull (static tilt), linear acceleration (straight-line movement), and angular rotation (head turning). Semicircular canals primarily detect angular rotation, while otolith organs detect gravity and linear acceleration.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Your friend Shelly suffers from myopia (nearsightedness). You remember from your physics class that concave lenses cause light waves to spread or diverge and that convex lenses cause light waves to converge. What type of corrective lenses would you suggest to your friend?
(a) Concave lenses
(b) Convex lenses
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Textbook Question
Juan tells his physician that he has been feeling dizzy, especially when he closes his eyes. He is asked to stand with his feet together and arms extended forward. As long as he keeps his eyes open, he exhibits very little movement. But when he closes his eyes, his body begins to sway a great deal, and his arms tend to drift together toward the left side of his body. Why does this occur?
Textbook Question
You are at a park watching some deer 35 feet away from you. A friend taps you on the shoulder to ask a question. As you turn to look at your friend, who is standing just 2 feet away, what changes would your eyes undergo?
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Textbook Question
What are the three auditory ossicles in the middle ear, and what are their functions?
Textbook Question
Displacement of stereocilia toward the kinocilium of a hair cell
(a) Produces a depolarization of the membrane
(b) Produces a hyperpolarization of the membrane
(c) Decreases the membrane permeability to sodium ions
(d) Increases the membrane permeability to potassium ions
(e) Does not affect the membrane potential of the cell