Textbook Question
A bone with approximately the same width, length, and height is most likely:
a. A long bone
b. A short bone
c. A flat bone
d. An irregular bone
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Ch. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues
Marieb, Hoehn11th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874034
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation24
- Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes Alive25
- Ch. 3 Cells: The Living Units21
- Ch. 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric20
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System11
- Ch. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues19
- Ch. 7 The Skeleton14
- Ch. 8 Joints7
- Ch. 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue26
- Ch. 10 The Muscular System26
- Ch. 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue19
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System26
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity32
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System19
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses26
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System23
- Ch. 17 Blood25
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart24
- Ch. 19 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels27
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues14
- Ch. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses27
- Ch. 22 The Respiratory System21
- Ch. 23 The Digestive System31
- Ch. 24 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Energy Balance26
- Ch. 25 The Urinary System26
- Ch. 26 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance24
- Ch. 27 The Reproductive System24
- Ch. 28 Pregnancy and Human Development25
- Ch. 29 Heredity11
Marieb, Hoehn11th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874034Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 6, Problem 14
Describe the process of new bone formation in an adult bone. Use the terms "osteoid seam" and "calcification front" in your discussion.
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Begin by explaining that new bone formation in an adult occurs primarily through the activity of osteoblasts, which are bone-forming cells responsible for producing the organic matrix of bone called osteoid.
Describe the osteoid seam as the unmineralized, newly secreted layer of osteoid that appears as a distinct band on the surface of the bone where osteoblasts have recently deposited collagen and other organic components.
Explain that following the deposition of the osteoid seam, the process of mineralization begins at the calcification front, which is the boundary where the osteoid transitions from unmineralized to mineralized bone.
Detail how calcium phosphate crystals are deposited at the calcification front, leading to the hardening of the osteoid into mature bone tissue, a process essential for bone strength and rigidity.
Conclude by noting that this cycle of osteoid secretion and subsequent calcification at the calcification front continues as part of bone remodeling and repair, maintaining bone health throughout adulthood.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Bone Remodeling and Formation
Bone remodeling is a continuous process where old bone is resorbed and new bone is formed. In adults, this maintains bone strength and mineral homeostasis. New bone formation involves osteoblasts producing organic matrix, which later mineralizes to become mature bone tissue.
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Osteoid Seam
The osteoid seam is the unmineralized, organic portion of the bone matrix laid down by osteoblasts during new bone formation. It appears as a thin layer on the bone surface and consists mainly of collagen and ground substance, serving as the precursor to mineralized bone.
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Calcification Front
The calcification front is the boundary where the osteoid seam undergoes mineralization. At this front, calcium phosphate crystals deposit within the osteoid, transforming it into hardened, mineralized bone. This process is essential for giving bone its strength and rigidity.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
(a) During what period of life does skeletal mass increase dramatically? Begin to decline?
(b) Why are fractures most common in elderly individuals?
(c) Why are greenstick fractures most common in children?
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Textbook Question
Osteocytes residing in lacunae of osteons of healthy compact bone are located quite a distance from the blood vessels in the central canals, yet they are well nourished. How can this be explained?
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Textbook Question
Why do you think wheelchair-bound people with paralyzed lower limbs have thin, weak bones of the leg and thigh?
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Textbook Question
Yolanda is asked to review a bone slide that her professor has set up under the microscope. She sees concentric layers surrounding a central cavity. Is this bone section taken from the diaphysis or the epiphyseal plate of the specimen?
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Textbook Question
As we grow, our long bones increase in diameter, but the thickness of the compact bone of the shaft remains relatively constant. Explain this phenomenon.
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