Textbook Question
The cell type most often invaded by HIV is a(n):
a. Eosinophil
b. Cytotoxic T cell
c. Natural killer cell
d. Helper T cell
e. B cell
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Ch. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses
Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott12th EditionMarieb Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780138242732
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation25
- Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes Alive24
- Ch. 3 Cells: The Living Units24
- Ch. 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric19
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System12
- Ch. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues19
- Ch. 7 The Skeleton14
- Ch. 8 Joints7
- Ch. 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue26
- Ch. 10 The Muscular System25
- Ch. 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue23
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System25
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity30
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System16
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses26
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System26
- Ch. 17 Blood27
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart25
- Ch. 19 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels27
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues16
- Ch. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses27
- Ch. 22 The Respiratory System21
- Ch. 23 The Digestive System31
- Ch. 24 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Energy Balance26
- Ch. 25 The Urinary System26
- Ch. 26 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance24
- Ch. 27 The Reproductive System24
- Ch. 28 Pregnancy and Human Development25
- Ch. 29 Heredity11
Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott12th EditionMarieb Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780138242732Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott 12th EditionCh. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body DefensesProblem 10
Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott 12th EditionCh. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body DefensesProblem 10Chapter 21, Problem 10
Using the letters from column B, match the cell description in column A.
(Note that all require more than a single choice.)
Column A
_____ (1) Phagocytic “cleanup crew”
_____ (2) Releases histamine
_____ (3) Releases perforins
_____ (4) Lymphocyte
_____ (5) Effector cells of adaptive immunity
_____ (6) Antigen-presenting cell
Column B
a. Natural killer cell
b. Neutrophil
c. Dendritic cell
d. Mast cell
e. Cytotoxic T cell
f. B cell
g. Macrophage
h. Helper T cell
i. Basophil
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the descriptions in Column A. Each description refers to a specific function or characteristic of a cell type. For example, 'Phagocytic cleanup crew' refers to cells involved in engulfing and digesting debris or pathogens.
Step 2: Review the cell types listed in Column B. Each cell type has distinct roles in the immune system. For instance, macrophages are phagocytic cells, while mast cells release histamine.
Step 3: Match each description in Column A to the appropriate cell types in Column B. Note that some descriptions may require more than one cell type. For example, 'Phagocytic cleanup crew' could match both neutrophils and macrophages.
Step 4: Consider the specific functions of each cell type. For example, dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells, cytotoxic T cells release perforins, and helper T cells are lymphocytes involved in adaptive immunity.
Step 5: Double-check your matches to ensure accuracy. Verify that each cell type aligns with the description provided in Column A based on its known function in the immune system.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis is a cellular process where certain immune cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, engulf and digest pathogens and debris. This 'cleanup crew' function is crucial for maintaining tissue health and initiating the immune response. By removing dead cells and pathogens, phagocytes help prevent infection and promote healing.
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2:19
Phagocytosis
Histamine Release
Histamine is a chemical released by mast cells and basophils during allergic reactions and immune responses. It plays a key role in inflammation by increasing blood vessel permeability, allowing immune cells to access affected tissues more easily. This process is essential for the body's defense against pathogens but can also contribute to allergic symptoms.
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2:15Step 2: Release of Inflammatory Mediators & Other Cytokines
Adaptive Immunity
Adaptive immunity refers to the specific immune response that develops over time, involving lymphocytes such as B cells and T cells. B cells produce antibodies, while T cells can directly kill infected cells or help other immune cells. This system provides long-lasting protection and memory against previously encountered pathogens, distinguishing it from the innate immune response.
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5:47Adaptive Immunity
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Besides acting as mechanical barriers, the skin epidermis and mucosae of the body have other attributes that contribute to their protective roles. Cite the common body locations and the importance of mucus, lysozyme, keratin, acid pH, and cilia.
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Textbook Question
Name the five antibody classes and describe where each is most likely to be found in the body.
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Textbook Question
Cells that can directly attack target cells include all of the following except:
a. Macrophages
b. Cytotoxic T cells
c. Helper T cells
d. Natural killer cells
Textbook Question
Which of the following is not involved in the activation of a B cell?
a. Antigen
b. Helper T cell
c. Cytokine
d. Cytotoxic T cell
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Textbook Question
Complement activation promotes all of the following except:
a. Cell lysis
b. Inflammation
c. Opsonization
d. Interferon release
e. Chemotaxis of neutrophils and other cell
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