Textbook Question
The posterior pituitary is not really an endocrine gland. Why not? What is it?
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Ch. 16 The Endocrine System
Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott12th EditionMarieb Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780138242732
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation25
- Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes Alive24
- Ch. 3 Cells: The Living Units24
- Ch. 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric19
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System12
- Ch. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues19
- Ch. 7 The Skeleton14
- Ch. 8 Joints7
- Ch. 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue26
- Ch. 10 The Muscular System25
- Ch. 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue23
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System25
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity30
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System16
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses26
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System26
- Ch. 17 Blood27
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart25
- Ch. 19 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels27
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues16
- Ch. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses27
- Ch. 22 The Respiratory System21
- Ch. 23 The Digestive System31
- Ch. 24 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Energy Balance26
- Ch. 25 The Urinary System26
- Ch. 26 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance24
- Ch. 27 The Reproductive System24
- Ch. 28 Pregnancy and Human Development25
- Ch. 29 Heredity11
Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott12th EditionMarieb Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780138242732Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 16, Problem 18
Endemic goiter is not really the result of a malfunctioning thyroid gland. What does cause it?
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that endemic goiter is primarily caused by an environmental factor rather than an intrinsic thyroid gland malfunction.
Recognize that the thyroid gland requires iodine to synthesize thyroid hormones, which are essential for regulating metabolism and growth.
Identify that endemic goiter occurs in regions where there is a deficiency of iodine in the diet, often due to low iodine content in the soil and water.
Explain that iodine deficiency leads to decreased production of thyroid hormones, which triggers the pituitary gland to release more thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
Understand that elevated TSH causes the thyroid gland to enlarge in an attempt to capture more iodine, resulting in the characteristic swelling known as a goiter.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Iodine Deficiency
Endemic goiter primarily results from insufficient iodine intake in the diet. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production, and its deficiency leads to inadequate hormone synthesis, causing the thyroid gland to enlarge in an attempt to capture more iodine.
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Thyroid Gland Function and Hormone Production
The thyroid gland produces hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which regulate metabolism. When iodine is lacking, hormone production drops, triggering the pituitary gland to release more TSH, stimulating thyroid growth and leading to goiter.
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Endemic Goiter and Environmental Factors
Endemic goiter occurs in regions where the soil and water have low iodine levels, affecting the local food supply. This environmental deficiency causes widespread thyroid enlargement in the population, distinguishing it from goiters caused by intrinsic thyroid diseases.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Roger Proulx has severe arthritis and has been taking prednisone (a glucocorticoid) for two months. He isn't feeling well, complains of repeated 'colds,' and is extremely 'puffy' (edematous). Explain the reason for these symptoms.
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Textbook Question
Describe the body location of each of the following endocrine organs: anterior pituitary, pineal gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, and adrenal glands.
List the hormones produced by each organ.
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Textbook Question
Which type of hormone receptor—plasma membrane bound or intracellular—would be expected to provide the most long-lived response to hormone binding and why?
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Textbook Question
The anterior pituitary is often referred to as the master endocrine organ, but it, too, has a 'master.' What controls the release of anterior pituitary hormones?
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Textbook Question
Name two endocrine glands (or regions) that are important in the stress response, and explain why they are important.
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