Textbook Question
What do you think has happened to Elise's ECF volume and osmolarity over the past 3 days? Will this lead to a change in the volume of water in the cytosol of her cells? Explain.
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Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis
Amerman3rd EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780138247201, 9780138247928, 9780138201814
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology24
- Ch. 2 The Chemistry of Life37
- Ch. 3 The Cell54
- Ch. 4 Histology46
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System30
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Tissue36
- Ch. 7 The Skeletal System40
- Ch. 8 Articulations19
- Ch. 9 The Muscular System35
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology29
- Ch. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue28
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System41
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System41
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System and Homeostasis31
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses39
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System42
- Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System I: The Heart28
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System II: The Blood Vessels43
- Ch. 19 Blood32
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity41
- Ch. 21 The Respiratory System27
- Ch. 22 The Digestive System27
- Ch. 23 Metabolism and Nutrition7
- Ch. 24 The Urinary System39
- Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis39
- Ch. 26 The Reproductive System10
- Ch. 27 Development and Heredity5
Amerman3rd EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780138247201, 9780138247928, 9780138201814Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 25, Problem 4
As a percentage of body weight, the total body water tends to be higher in ________ and lower in ________ .
a. infants; men
b. women; men
c. men; infants
d. infants; women
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of total body water (TBW): Total body water is the amount of water in a person's body, expressed as a percentage of their body weight. It varies based on factors such as age, sex, and body composition.
Recall that infants have a higher percentage of total body water compared to adults. This is because their bodies are composed of a larger proportion of water relative to their body weight.
Recognize that women generally have a lower percentage of total body water compared to men. This is due to differences in body composition, as women tend to have a higher proportion of adipose tissue (fat), which contains less water than lean tissue.
Eliminate incorrect options by matching the descriptions to the groups: Infants have the highest percentage of total body water, and women have the lowest percentage.
Select the correct answer based on the analysis: The total body water tends to be higher in infants and lower in women.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Total Body Water (TBW)
Total Body Water refers to the amount of water contained in the body, which is crucial for various physiological functions. It is typically expressed as a percentage of body weight and varies among different populations due to factors like age, sex, and body composition.
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Body Composition Differences
Body composition differences, particularly between genders and age groups, significantly influence TBW percentages. Generally, infants have a higher percentage of water due to their lower body fat and higher metabolic needs, while women typically have a lower percentage compared to men due to higher fat mass.
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Physiological Implications of TBW
The percentage of total body water has important physiological implications, affecting hydration status, nutrient transport, and thermoregulation. Understanding these differences helps in clinical assessments and interventions, particularly in vulnerable populations like infants and the elderly.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
A laboratory printout of arterial blood gases indicates that a patient has an increased Pco₂ , decreased pH, and normal bicarbonate ion concentration. Is this patient in acidosis or alkalosis? Is the pH disturbance respiratory or metabolic in nature? Explain your reasoning. How long do you think the patient has had this pH disturbance? (Hint: Look at the bicarbonate ion concentration. What system controls the concentration of bicarbonate ions, and how quickly does it compensate for pH disturbances?)
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
b. The sensible water loss includes the water lost from the body via the skin and the respiratory system.
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Textbook Question
A cell in a/an ________ fluid will lose water, and a cell in a/an ________ fluid will gain water.
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Textbook Question
Ms. Johanssen is a patient in the hospital. The nurse examines her laboratory reports and notices that she has developed hyperkalemia and acidosis over the past several days. On closer examination of her medical chart, the nurse also sees that her physician recently doubled her dose of spironolactone, an aldosterone-blocking diuretic. How does this explain her laboratory findings?
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
a. The thirst mechanism is mediated by osmoreceptors located in the cerebral cortex.
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