Textbook Question
Explain how and why chromatin is condensed in the nucleus.
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Ch. 3 The Cell
Amerman2nd EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136873822
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemistry of Life38
- Ch. 3 The Cell55
- Ch. 4 Histology47
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System30
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Tissue36
- Ch. 7 The Skeletal System40
- Ch. 8 Articulations19
- Ch. 9 The Muscular System36
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology29
- Ch. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue28
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System42
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System41
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System and Homeostasis31
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses39
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System42
- Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System I: The Heart30
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System II: The Blood Vessels43
- Ch. 19 Blood32
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity45
- Ch. 21 The Respiratory System27
- Ch. 22 The Digestive System27
- Ch. 23 Metabolism and Nutrition7
- Ch. 24 The Urinary System39
- Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis39
- Ch. 26 The Reproductive System10
- Ch. 27 Development and Heredity5
Chapter 3, Problem 15b
Each of the following statements about protein synthesis is false. Correct each to make a true statement.
A transcription factor must bind to the promoter region of a gene before the enzyme DNA synthetase is able to bind and begin transcription.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the process of transcription: Transcription is the first step in protein synthesis where the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into mRNA. This process requires specific enzymes and factors.
Identify the incorrect term in the statement: The enzyme mentioned, DNA synthetase, is incorrect. The correct enzyme involved in transcription is RNA polymerase, not DNA synthetase.
Correct the role of transcription factors: Transcription factors bind to the promoter region of a gene to help recruit RNA polymerase, which is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing mRNA during transcription.
Revise the statement: Replace 'DNA synthetase' with 'RNA polymerase' and clarify that transcription factors assist RNA polymerase in binding to the promoter region to initiate transcription.
Final corrected statement: 'A transcription factor must bind to the promoter region of a gene before the enzyme RNA polymerase is able to bind and begin transcription.'
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Transcription Factors
Transcription factors are proteins that regulate the transcription of genes by binding to specific DNA sequences. They play a crucial role in initiating the transcription process by facilitating the recruitment of RNA polymerase to the promoter region of a gene, which is essential for the synthesis of RNA from the DNA template.
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1) Initiation of Transcription
Promoter Region
The promoter region is a specific sequence of DNA located upstream of a gene that serves as the binding site for RNA polymerase and transcription factors. This region is critical for the initiation of transcription, as it determines where transcription begins and regulates the expression of the gene.
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RNA Polymerase
RNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template during the process of transcription. It binds to the promoter region of a gene, unwinds the DNA, and catalyzes the formation of an RNA strand complementary to the DNA template, ultimately leading to protein synthesis.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Each of the following statements about protein synthesis is false. Correct each to make a true statement.
In a gene, each nucleotide specifies one amino acid in a protein sequence.
Textbook Question
Each of the following statements about protein synthesis is false. Correct each to make a true statement.
The enzyme RNA polymerase builds a strand of transfer RNA, whose codons are complementary to DNA's triplets.
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Textbook Question
Each of the following statements about protein synthesis is false. Correct each to make a true statement.
Proteins destined for secretion from the cell enter the nucleus after translation, to be folded and modified.
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Textbook Question
Each of the following statements about protein synthesis is false. Correct each to make a true statement.
During translation, amino acids are delivered by the messenger RNA transcript.
Textbook Question
Which of the following statements correctly describes the function of the nucleolus?
a. Within the nucleolus we find genes for rRNA.
b. Nucleoli manufacture mitochondrial proteins for export to the cytosol.
c. Nucleoli assemble the nuclear envelope.
d. The nucleolus contains the genes that form the Golgi apparatus.
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