Textbook Question
The chemotherapeutic drugs Mr. White is taking affect all cells that undergo rapid mitosis, such as those of the skin. What effect would this have on the functions of the skin? How could this affect his immunity?
5
views
Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity
Amerman2nd EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136873822
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemistry of Life38
- Ch. 3 The Cell55
- Ch. 4 Histology47
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System30
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Tissue36
- Ch. 7 The Skeletal System40
- Ch. 8 Articulations19
- Ch. 9 The Muscular System36
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology29
- Ch. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue28
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System42
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System41
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System and Homeostasis31
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses39
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System42
- Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System I: The Heart30
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System II: The Blood Vessels43
- Ch. 19 Blood32
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity45
- Ch. 21 The Respiratory System27
- Ch. 22 The Digestive System27
- Ch. 23 Metabolism and Nutrition7
- Ch. 24 The Urinary System39
- Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis39
- Ch. 26 The Reproductive System10
- Ch. 27 Development and Heredity5
Chapter 20, Problem L3.1
Your friend tests her snake-wrangling skills on an eastern diamondback rattlesnake, and is bitten and envenomated (injected with the snake's venom). In the emergency department, doctors administer the antivenin CroFab, which contains antibodies to the toxins in snake venom. Is this an example of active or passive immunity? Will this confer any lasting protection to your friend?
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of immunity: Immunity can be classified into active and passive immunity. Active immunity involves the body producing its own antibodies in response to an antigen, while passive immunity involves the direct introduction of antibodies into the body without the immune system actively producing them.
Analyze the situation: In this case, the antivenin CroFab contains pre-formed antibodies that neutralize the toxins in the snake venom. These antibodies are not produced by your friend's immune system but are externally provided.
Determine the type of immunity: Since the antibodies are introduced directly and not produced by the immune system, this is an example of passive immunity.
Evaluate lasting protection: Passive immunity does not confer long-term protection because the externally provided antibodies are temporary and do not stimulate the immune system to produce memory cells. Once the antibodies are metabolized and removed from the body, there is no lasting immunity.
Conclude the explanation: Your friend will not have lasting protection against future snake bites from the same species because passive immunity does not involve the development of immunological memory.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Was this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Active Immunity
Active immunity occurs when an individual's immune system is stimulated to produce antibodies in response to an antigen, such as a pathogen or toxin. This can happen naturally through infection or artificially through vaccination. The protection provided by active immunity is usually long-lasting, as the immune system retains memory cells that can respond quickly to future exposures.
Recommended video:
02:37
Active Transport
Passive Immunity
Passive immunity involves the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another, providing immediate but temporary protection. This can occur naturally, such as when a mother passes antibodies to her baby through breast milk, or artificially through treatments like antivenin. Since the recipient's immune system does not produce its own antibodies, the protection typically lasts only a few weeks to months.
Recommended video:
05:05Passive vs. Active Transport
Antivenin (Antivenom)
Antivenin, or antivenom, is a medical treatment that contains antibodies specifically designed to neutralize venom from snake bites or other venomous creatures. In the case of CroFab, it is derived from the plasma of immunized animals and is used to treat envenomation. While it provides immediate protection against the effects of venom, it does not confer lasting immunity, as the recipient's immune system does not develop memory against the venom.
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following does not describe the relationship between the lymphatic and immune systems?
a. Lymphoid organs and tissues house cells of the immune system.
b. Lymphoid organs and tissues trap pathogens for the immune system.
c. Lymphoid organs activate cells of the immune system.
d. Lymphoid organs and tissues create the surface barriers of the immune system.
4
views
Textbook Question
Nonspecific immunity is also known as_____. Specific immunity is also known as_____. Specific immunity has the capacity for immunological ______ .
3
views
Textbook Question
Mr. White has been diagnosed with febrile neutropenia, a condition characterized by the presence of a fever with an extremely low number of neutrophils in the blood. Blood work demonstrates the presence of bacteria in his blood. Explain why neutropenia might lead to a bacterial infection. Why is a bacterial infection particularly dangerous for Mr. White?
Textbook Question
Carla presents to her physician with a complaint of swollen axillary lymph nodes. Her physician performs a breast exam and finds a tumor on the same side as the swollen nodes.
b. Carla undergoes surgery to have the tumor and affected lymph nodes and surrounding lymphatic vessels removed. Predict any complications Carla might have after the surgery that could arise from removal of the lymph nodes and vessels.
2
views
Textbook Question
Which of the following make up the body's first line of defense?
a. Surface barriers
b. Cells and proteins of adaptive immunity
c. Cells and proteins of innate immunity
d. All of the above
1
views