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Introduction to Muscle Tissue quiz #1

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  • Which protein makes up the thick filaments of a myofibril?
    Myosin makes up the thick filaments of a myofibril.
  • What reservoir function do muscle cells serve?
    Muscle cells serve as a reservoir for calcium ions.
  • What type of control is not a feature of cardiac muscle?
    Voluntary control
  • Calcium ions bind to which regulatory protein?
    Calcium ions bind to the regulatory protein troponin.
  • Which of these statements about skeletal muscles is false? A) They are under voluntary control B) They have intercalated discs C) They are striated D) They are multinucleated
    B) They have intercalated discs
  • Which type of neuron stimulates muscles to contract?
    Motor neurons stimulate muscles to contract.
  • Which filaments are predominantly made up of myosin?
    Thick filaments
  • What structure is unique to cardiac muscle cells?
    Intercalated discs
  • Why do muscle cells work differently from nerve cells?
    Muscle cells are specialized for contraction, while nerve cells are specialized for transmitting signals.
  • How many motor neurons typically innervate one muscle fiber?
    Typically, one motor neuron innervates one muscle fiber.
  • What is the main characteristic of muscle tissue?
    The main characteristic of muscle tissue is its ability to contract and produce movement.
  • Which selection correctly describes the role of calcium in coupling?
    Calcium binds to troponin, causing a conformational change that allows actin and myosin to interact, leading to muscle contraction.
  • Why do slow twitch muscle fibers have more mitochondria?
    Slow twitch muscle fibers have more mitochondria to support sustained, aerobic activity and endurance.
  • Skeletal muscles are controlled by what type of neuron?
    Skeletal muscles are controlled by somatic motor neurons.
  • What do muscle cells have that other cell types do not?
    Muscle cells have myofilaments, which are specialized for contraction.
  • Why are skeletal and cardiac muscles striated?
    Skeletal and cardiac muscles are striated due to the regular arrangement of actin and myosin filaments.
  • Which characteristic is not typical of a muscle cell?
    Secretion
  • What structure is part of cardiac muscle cells?
    Intercalated discs
  • How are muscle cells stimulated to contract?
    Muscle cells are stimulated by motor neurons to contract.
  • What is the ultimate cause for the difference between muscle and nerve cells?
    The ultimate cause is their specialization; muscle cells are specialized for contraction, while nerve cells are specialized for signal transmission.
  • Which protein interacts with actin to produce movement?
    Myosin interacts with actin to produce movement.
  • How does skeletal muscle maintain heat in the body?
    Skeletal muscle maintains heat by contracting, which generates heat as a byproduct.
  • What are the intercalated discs that are found in cardiac muscle?
    Intercalated discs are specialized connections between cardiac muscle cells that facilitate synchronized contraction.
  • What are the three components of a neuromuscular junction?
    The three components are the motor neuron terminal, the synaptic cleft, and the muscle fiber membrane (sarcolemma).
  • What characteristic is not true of cardiac muscle cells?
    B) Voluntary
  • Which muscle cell structure stores calcium ions that are used to trigger the contraction?
    The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores calcium ions.
  • Which statement explains why cardiac muscle is resistant to fatigue?
    Cardiac muscle is resistant to fatigue due to its high mitochondrial content and continuous blood supply.
  • Which statement describes myofibrils?
    Myofibrils are bundles of myofilaments within muscle cells that are responsible for contraction.
  • Which of these is not a feature of cardiac muscle tissue? A) Striations B) Intercalated discs C) Voluntary control D) Single nucleus
    C) Voluntary control
  • Actin and myosin are cell proteins that perform what function?
    Actin and myosin interact to produce muscle contraction.
  • Which proteins are found in a thin filament?
    B) Actin, C) Troponin, D) Tropomyosin
  • What is the major source of energy for muscles?
    The major source of energy for muscles is ATP.
  • What is the main difference between muscle cells and nerve cells?
    The main difference is their function; muscle cells contract to produce movement, while nerve cells transmit signals.
  • What job does calcium play within the muscle fiber?
    Calcium binds to troponin, allowing actin and myosin to interact and cause contraction.
  • What are the transverse (t) tubules?
    T-tubules are invaginations of the sarcolemma that help transmit action potentials into the muscle fiber.
  • What innervates each muscle fiber?
    Each muscle fiber is innervated by a motor neuron.
  • Which muscle contracts to push blood through the circulatory system?
    Cardiac muscle contracts to push blood through the circulatory system.
  • What are intercalated disks?
    Intercalated disks are specialized structures in cardiac muscle that connect cells and facilitate synchronized contraction.
  • What is a true characteristic of cardiac muscle tissue?
    B) It has intercalated discs