Multiple Choice
In an experiment, mice were fed glucose (C6H12O6) containing a small amount of radioactive oxygen. The mice were closely monitored, and after a few minutes, radioactive oxygen atoms showed up in __________.
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3. Energy & Cell Processes
Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
Multiple Choice
A gram of fat oxidized by respiration produces approximately twice as much ATP as a gram of carbohydrate. Which of the following best explains this observation?
A
Fats are produced when cells take in more food than they need.
B
Fats are less soluble in water than sugars.
C
Fats do not form true macromolecules as sugars do.
D
Fats are closely related to lipid molecules, which are the basic building blocks of cellular membranes.
E
Fats are better electron donors to oxygen than are sugars.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the basic concept of cellular respiration: Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. The main substrates for cellular respiration are carbohydrates and fats.
Recognize the role of electron donors in ATP production: During cellular respiration, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors (like oxygen) in a series of reactions. The efficiency of ATP production is influenced by the ability of these molecules to donate electrons.
Compare the structure and energy content of fats and carbohydrates: Fats are composed of long hydrocarbon chains, which contain many high-energy electrons. Carbohydrates, on the other hand, have a different structure with fewer high-energy electrons available for transfer.
Analyze why fats produce more ATP: Fats have more carbon-hydrogen bonds compared to carbohydrates, which means they have more electrons to donate during the electron transport chain. This results in a higher yield of ATP when fats are oxidized.
Conclude with the explanation: The statement 'Fats are better electron donors to oxygen than are sugars' is correct because the structure of fats allows them to donate more electrons, leading to increased ATP production compared to carbohydrates.
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